Menopause Exam Questions with Correct Answers 2024 Rated A Which 2 nonpharmacologic treatments are HIGHLY recommended by the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) to treat VMS? - Correct Answer Cognitive behavioral therapy, clinical hypnosis What other nonpharmacologic options are used to treat VMS? - Correct Answer Temperature control (colder pillow) Yoga/relaxation therapy Avoid spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine Exercise Acupuncture Paced respiration (slowed down breathing) What are vasomotor symptoms? - Correct Answer Hot flushes and night sweats What are the non-VMS of menopause? - Correct Answer Dyspareunia, vaginal dryness, mood changes, sleep disturbances, concentration and memory issues, arthralgia If patient has a uterus, you must give them - Correct Answer estrogen + progestin combo If patient does NOT have a uterus, you can give them - Correct Answer estrogen alone What are the 3 main differences in estrogen of transdermal estrogens? - Correct Answer Lower VTE risk No impact on triglycerides Potential lower stroke risk, so lower blood clot risk What are the 2 main differences in estrogen of oral estrogens? - Correct Answer Increases triglycerides Potential for decreased libido 1 / 2
What is the Women's Health Initiative (WHI)? - Correct Answer Clinical study started in 1991. Studied the use of conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in women with and without a uterus What was the most important "shocking" result from the WHI? - Correct Answer Estrogen + progestin combo resulted in an increased risk of breast cancer What was the problem with how the WHI ended? - Correct Answer There was some bias in the study, since it stopped early. Upon further investigation 18 years later, increased mortality was not associated with hormone therapy. Women would have less side effects over time When is it considered safe to start menopause hormone therapy (MHT) in women? - Correct Answer Likely safe to start in patients with no contraindications who are within 10 years of menopause, and/or <60 years old according to NAMS (North American Menopause Society) Is tobacco use a contraindication to MHT? - Correct Answer Tobacco use is NOT a contraindication to hormone therapy, but transdermal therapy may be preferred What is the 1st line treatment to help with VMS of menopause after trying nonpharmacologic therapies? - Correct Answer Systemic hormone therapy (HT), since it provides optimal relief of hot flushes What symptoms should be present for a woman to be on HT? - Correct Answer VMS If patients have vaginal symptoms only, only use what kind of products? - Correct Answer Vaginal products What are the 2 most common estrogens used in HT? - Correct Answer Estradiol and Conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) What are the 2 most common progestogens used in HT? - Correct Answer Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and Micronized progesterone (MP) Which hormone should be used with caution in patients with a peanut allergy? - Correct Answer Micronized Progesterone (MP)
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