Midterm Exam: NR565 / NR 565
(Latest Update 2024 / 2025) Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals | Review Study Guide | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
Beer's Criteria
Answer:
Includes five lists that describe certain medications and situations that include potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older adults.
PIM d/t medication-disease or medication-syndrome to be used cautiously in older adults
Medications to be avoided or dosage, decreased in the presence of impaired kidney function in older adults
- / 4
Question:
Why do nitrates need to be taken no later than 4 PM?
Answer:
Need nitrate free interval so tolerance doesn't develop
Question:
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
Answer:
A class of liver enzyme system where many medication's are metabolized.
•metabolization can be inhibited or induced by drugs, and once this happens, drug - drug interactions can occur.
Question:
CYP450 inhibitors
Answer:
Prevent (decrease) the CYP450 enzymes from working or reduce the rate of an enzyme - catalyzed reaction.
Inhibitors block the metabolic activity of one or more CYP450 enzymes.
Result in an increase the concentration of the drug.
- / 4
Question:
Examples of CYP450 inhibitors (slideshow)
Answer:
SICKFACES.COM
Sodium Valproate Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Alcohol (acute/binge) Ciprofloxacin; Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Sulfonimides Cranberry juice/Grapefruit juice Omeprazole Metronidazole
Question:
CYP450 inducers
Answer:
These enzymes speed up the metabolism of drugs and decrease the blood levels
- / 4
Question:
What do CYP450 inhibitors do if they are not used correctly? What could the patient experience?
Answer:
Severe toxicity can result if the CYP450 enzyme-inhibiting drugs are added to
the following medication: atypical antipsychotics, benzodiazepines,
cyclosporine, statins, or warfarin.
Question:
Examples of CYP450 inducers
Answer:
BS CRAP GPS
Barbituates St Johns Wort
Carbamazepine Rifampin Alcohol (chronic) Phenytoin
Griseofulvin Phenobarbital Sulfonylureas
- / 4