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Portage Learning: Microbiology
Module 2 Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?✔✔ Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, prokaryotic cells do not
What structure encloses the cytoplasm and regulates entry and exit of materials in all cells?✔✔ Plasma membrane
What structure provides shape and protection in most bacterial cells?✔✔ Cell wall
What macromolecule makes up most of the bacterial cell wall?✔✔ Peptidoglycan
What is the region in a bacterial cell where the DNA is located?✔✔ Nucleoid 1 / 3
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What small, circular DNA molecules can provide antibiotic resistance in bacteria?✔✔ Plasmids
What bacterial structure allows for attachment to surfaces or other cells?✔✔ Pili
What structure allows some bacteria to move?✔✔ Flagellum
What structure helps some bacteria survive harsh conditions?✔✔ Endospore
What sticky outer layer helps bacteria adhere to surfaces and avoid immune responses?✔✔ Capsule
What ribosome size is found in prokaryotic cells?
✔✔ 70S 2 / 3
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What ribosome size is found in eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ 80S
What is the function of ribosomes in all cells?✔✔ Protein synthesis
What part of the bacterial cell is responsible for generating ATP?✔✔ Plasma membrane
What is the main component of the plasma membrane?✔✔ Phospholipid bilayer
What term describes bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan layer and no outer membrane?✔✔ Gram-positive
What term describes bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane?✔✔ Gram-negative
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