Nagelhout Pharmacology 2 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions What does mixing LAs do to your toxic doses? - Correct Answers ✅decreases them; the toxicity is additive so if you have used 50% of your lidocaine dose and watch to switch to bupivacaine- you can only give 50% of your toxic bupivacaine dose How is the spread of epidural and spinal anesthesia different in pregnant women? - Correct Answers ✅the spread and depth is greater; the fetus is pushing back so you have decreased epidural space How does pregnancy change the dosage of LA given? - Correct Answers ✅give decreased dose; they are more sensitive to LA d/t increased hormone (progesterone) levels Lidocaine for tumescent anesthesia - Correct Answers ✅they use large amounts of diluted LA for liposuction; doses from 35-55mg/kg (if not lipo 28mg/kg) What is Hyaluronidase - Correct Answers ✅an enzyme that helps break down tissue matrix; breaks down hyaluronic acid so fluids can go further; *helps spread LA* this also increases the risk of toxicity 1 / 3
Nagelhout Pharmacology 2 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions Synthesis of catecholamines - Correct Answers ✅phenylalanine--> tyrosine (tyrosine hydroxylase)--> dopa-- > dopamine--> NE--> Epi increased NE will inhibit the change from tyrosine to dopa (tyrosine hydroxylase) increased catecholamines - Correct Answers ✅sympathomimetic decreased catecholamines - Correct Answers ✅sympatholytic
- enzymes that break down catecholamines - Correct
Answers ✅MOA- stored in nerves COMT- stored in synapse PNS preganglionic and postganglionic NTs - Correct
Answers ✅pre: nACh
post mACh SNS preganglionic and postganglionic NTs - Correct
Answers ✅pre: nACh
post: NE (adrenergic) 2 / 3
Nagelhout Pharmacology 2 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
pre-synaptic alpha 2 agonists:
sympathomimetic/sympatholytic? - Correct Answers ✅sympatholytic; activates the negative feedback so nerve does not release any more catecholamine
post-synaptic alpha2 agonists:
sympathomimetic/sympatholytic? - Correct Answers ✅sympathomimetic; it reached its destination so it will cause the effects MOA: interference with synthesis of neurotransmitter: sympathomimetic/sympatholytic? - Correct Answers ✅sympatholytic
MOA: metabolic transformation by same pathway as
precursor of transmitter: sympathomimetic/sympatholytic? -
Correct Answers ✅sympatholytic
MOA: blockade of transport system at nerve terminal
membrane: sympathomimetic/sympatholytic? - Correct
Answers ✅sympathomimetic; block reuptake
MOA: blockade of transport system of storage vesicles -
Correct Answers ✅sympatholytic; not safely in vesicle so more will be broken down my MAO or COMP
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