2024 California Esthetics State Board New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
- One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are
harmful, some are harmless.
Answer: Bacteria
- A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological
organisms. Its capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's reproductive function.
Answer: Virus
- Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (host), while contributing
nothing to the survival of that organism. They must have a host to survive.
Answer: Parasites
- Microscopic plant parasites, which include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce
contagious diseases such as ringworm.
Answer: Fungi
- The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.
Answer: Infection Control
- A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible
dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs; also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection.
Answer: Cleaning
- A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces
to a safe level.
Answer: Sanitation
- The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous
surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.-
Answer: Disinfection
- The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Answer: -Sterilization
- What are the two primary types of bacteria?
Answer: Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic
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- Harmless organisms that may perform useful functions.
Answer: Nonpathogenic Bacteria
- Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade
the body.
Answer: Pathogenic Bacteria
- Round-shaped bacteria that appear singularly or in groups.
Answer: Cocci
- Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. They cause abscesses,
pustules, and boils.
Answer: Staphylococci
- Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause
infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
Answer: Streptococci
- Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
Answer: Diplococci
- Short, rod-shaped bacteria; they are the most common bacteria and pro- duce diseases
such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Answer: - Bacilli
- Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria; they cause syphilis and Lyme Dis- ease.
Answer: Spirilla
- Also known as self-movement.
Answer: Motility
- Slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about).
Answer: Flagella
- Also knows as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.
Answer: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
- Also known as household bleach.
Answer: Sodium Hypochlorite
- Precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous
membrane where contact with a client's blood, bodily fluids, secretions (except sweat), excretions, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes is likely. Workers must assume that all blood and bodily fluids are potential sources of infection, regardless of the perceived risk. 2 / 3
Answer: Standard Precautions
- A set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to
assume that all human blood and bodily fluids are infectious for blood borne pathogens.
Answer: Universal Precautions
- The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells.
Answer: Bi- nary Fission
- The study of the structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye, and of
what substances they are made; it is the science of the structure of organisms, or of their parts.
Answer: Anatomy
- The study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures.
Answer: Physiology
- The study of the tiny structures found in living tissue.
Answer: Histology
- The basic unit of all living things; without these life does not exist.
Answer: Cells
- A colorless, jellylike substance in which food elements such as proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water are present.
Answer: Protoplasm
- The dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell.
Answer: Nucleus
- What determines our genetic makeup, including the color of eyes, skin, and hair?
Answer: DNA
- Fluid within the nucleus of the cell that contains proteins and DNA.
Answer: Nucleoplasm
- All the protoplasm of a cell except that found in the nucleus.
Answer: Cytoplasm
- Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble sub- stances to enter and
leave.
Answer: Cell Membrane
- The usual process of cell reproduction in human tissues that occurs when the cell divides
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into two identical cells called daughter cells.