2024 CPPS 303 - Pancreas and Glucose Metabolism New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
- What type of gland is the pancreas?
Answer: the endocrine and exocrineBo
- Almost all pancreatic cells are found in clusters known as?
Answer: Acini
- What are among the acini?
Answer: Islets of Langerhands or pancreatic islets (endocrine cells) which make up 1-2% of pancreatic mass
- What is the humoral way of communication within islets?
Answer: The blood supply of the islet courses outward from the center of the islet toward the periphery, carrying lgucose, secreted humoral products and other secretagogues
- What is the cell-cell way of communication within the islets?
Answer: Cells within the islet can communicate through gap junctions which may
be important for the regulation of both insulin and glucagon secretion
- What is the neural way of communication within the islets?
Answer: Islets are innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
- Cholinergic stimulation enhances?
Answer: insulin secretion
- Adrenergic stimulation can either be stimulatory or inhibitory depending on
whether?
Answer: B-adrenergic (stimulatory) or a-adrenergic stimulation (inhibitory)
dominates
- What are the four types of secretory cells of pancreatic islets?
Answer: a cells, B cells, d cells, F-cells
- What do a cells secrete?
Answer: Glucagon (it is released during hypoglycemia and causes the liver to
convert stored glycogen into glucose)
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- What does glucogon also stimualte?
Answer: The release of insulin to enhance glucose uptake by tissues
- What do B cells secrete?
Answer: Insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, amylin (reduces the presence of nutrients in the plasma)
- What do d cells secrete?
Answer: Somatostatin (an inhibitory hormone that regulates the endocrine system)
- What do F-cells secrete?
Answer: Pancreatic polypeptide
- What does pancreatic polypeptide inhibit?
Answer:
Pancreatic digestive enzymes Somatostatin Contraction of the gall bladder Intestinal motility
- What are alpha cells?
Answer: Are part of the endocrine pancreas
Make up 20% of the islets
Secrete the hormone glucagon that functions in glycogenolysis which is increases the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver
- What are the factors affecting the secretion of glucagon?
Answer:
Reduced level of glucose in the blood, exercise and protein rich meals
Somatostatin and insulin inhibit glucagon secretion
- What are Beta cells?
Answer:
Are part of the endocrine pancreas Make up about 70% of the islets
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