NGN 110 ADVANCED FINAL STUDY GUIDE AND

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NGN 110 – ADVANCED FINAL STUDY GUIDE AND

PRACTICE QUESTIONS. (Updated 2024-2025).Introduction to Engineering and Computing.

Lecture 1: What is engineering

What is Engineering ● People who combine knowledge of science and math to solve technical problems that confront society.○ They convert scientific theory into useful applications.What's a Scientist?● Prime objective is increased knowledge of nature and its laws.● They use knowledge to acquire new knowledge ● Engineers apply this knowledge to develop things for society Engineering Functions

• Research
• Design
• Development
• Analysis 1 / 4

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• Sales
• Management
• Teaching
• Consulting

Engineering fields Traditional fields other fields

• Civil - aeronautical engineering
• electrical/computer - nuclear
• Chemical - petroleum
• Mechanical - environment - Industrial
• biomedical

Engineering disciplines ● Chemical engineering ○ It takes raw materials and turns them into the products that we use every day.○ This means that they are crucial to producing pharmaceuticals, soft drinks, and even makeup ○ Many chemical engineers work with petroleum and plastics.● Civil engineering ○ Considered one of the oldest engineering disciplines.○ They design and supervise the construction of roads, buildings, tunnels, dams, airports, bridges, water supply and sewage systems.○ They must consider many factors in the design process

• Construction costs
• Expected lifetime of a project
• Government regulations 2 / 4

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• Potential environmental hazards like earthquakes

● Electrical engineering ○ Covers anything related to electrical devices and the use of electricity ○ Electrical engineers work on power plants, wiring in buildings, lighting, motors, satellites, communication networks, and other electrical devices.● Computer engineering ○ Deals with all aspects of computer systems including hardware and software ○ Some computer engineers specialize in areas like digital systems, microprocessors, operating systems, computer networks, cybersecurity, and databases.● Computer science ○ Focuses on the software side of computers ○ It is concerned with techniques related to processing, transporting (networking), and storing (database systems) information ○ Particular interest is placed on making processes efficient, secure and intelligent.● Industrial engineering ○ Deals with the design, installation, analysis, and improvement of integrated systems of people, materials, machines, and information to produce goods and deliver services with high quality and low cost ○ Goal is make make things work better by optimizing the quality and productivity ○ They work in both manufacturing firms and service industries ● Mechanical engineering ○ Uses mechanics and energy principles to design machines like engines and motors ○ Many mechanical engineers work in the areas of air-conditioning and refrigeration, automotives, manufacturing, welding and robotics 3 / 4

pg. 4 Why choose engineering or computer science

• Job satisfaction
• Varied career opportunities
• Challenging work
• Intellectual development
• Benefit society
• Financial security
• Prestige
• Professional environment
• Understand how things work
• Creative thinking

Lecture 2: Teamwork

What is a team?“A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.” ● Together Everyone Achieves More Why Teams?● Real engineers work in teams ● Team skills are valued by industry and academia Team Meetings ● In the US there are 19 million meetings/day ● New engineers spend 25% of time in meetings ● Senior engineers spend 50% of time in meetings Types of Teams

1. Pseudo teams: perform below the level of the average member

2. Potential teams: perform slightly above the level of the average member

3. Real teams: perform quite well

• High-performing teams: perform to an extraordinary level
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