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NNP BOARD EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM|
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+| NNP BOARD EXAM REVIEW||
BRAND NEW!!
Which component of the biophysical profile is considered most sensitive in detecting fetal hypoxia?
- fetal breathing movements
- fetal tone
- non-stress test - Correct Answer - C
The most sensitive component of the BPP to fetal hypoxia is the non- stress test (NST). The biophysical profile (BPP) is a test used to evaluate fetal wellbeing. Both ultrasound and electronic fetal heart rate monitoring are used during the BPP. Five components are measured and a score of 2 points is given when criteria are met. The test is continued until all criteria are met or 30 minutes has passed. The maximum score is 10. See table below. The NST is reactive when 2 or more fetal heart rate accelerations peak (but do not necessarily remain) at least 15 beats per minute above baseline AND last at least 15 seconds from baseline to baseline during 20 minutes of observation. The NST is nonreactive when <2 fetal heart rate accelerations as described above occur after 40 minutes of observation.
A 21-year-old female G1P0 presented at 20 weeks of gestation for an antenatal checkup. The medical history was significant for polycystic ovarian disease. The fetal ultrasound revealed missed fetal heartbeats. A 1 / 4
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pg. 2 fetal echocardiogram yielded persistent bradycardia (65 beats/min). The cardiologist advised for maternal auto-antibody profile, rubella antibody, and thyroid function testing. Which of the following maternal diseases is most likely associated with the fetal presentation?
- diabetes insipidus
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- uncontrolled hypothyroidism - Correct Answer - B
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes long term, persistent multi-system inflammatory changes.Patients of reproductive age are most commonly affected. Fetal heart block is the most common manifestation of SLE in pregnancy and will present as a conduction defect or isolated abnormality. Next, let's review some facts about the other answer choices. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cardiac malformation diagnosed in infants of diabetic mothers. Uncontrolled maternal hypothyroidism is more commonly associated with reduced neurodevelopment and cognitive impairment in childhood.
A 3-day old term (40 weeks of gestation at birth) newborn develops new onset acute conjunctival hyperemia (redness) and chemosis (inflammation), severe lid edema, and mucopurulent discharge. The NNP reviews the maternal history and notices that venereal disease testing was performed 1 week prior to birth and results were negative.The infant received erythromycin and birth and is otherwise well-
appearing. The most likely etiology for the ocular findings is:
- chlamydia conjunctivitis
- gonococcal conjunctivitis
- herpes simplex virus conjunctivitis - Correct Answer - B 2 / 4
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pg. 3 Gonococcal infection is identified in < 1% of all cases of conjunctivitis in the US and manifests within 2-5 days of birth. Compared to chlamydia, symptoms of gonococcal conjunctivitis appear sooner after birth, progress more rapidly, and are more severe. Lack of treatment can lead to corneal scarring or ulcerations. In otherwise well-appearing newborns, single dose IM or IV ceftriaxone, is indicated. Next, let's review facts about the other answer choices. Chlamydia infection accounts for 2-40% of cases of conjunctivitis in the United States (US), and manifests within 5-12 days of birth. Symptoms include hyperemia with scant mucoid discharge, lid edema, chemosis, and pseudo membrane formation. Well-appearing infants born to women with a confirmed chlamydial infection do not routinely receive postexposure prophylaxis because the efficacy of antibiotic therapy has not been proven to date. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) conjunctivitis is associated with unilateral or bilateral lid edema, moderate amount of conjunctival injection, and non-purulent, serosanguinous discharge.
A NNP is examining a 32-week preterm male newborn. The testes should initially become palpable in the inguinal canal by which week of gestation?
- 32 weeks
- 34 weeks
- 36 weeks - Correct Answer - B
The testicles begin to descend at week 30 of gestation and continue until week 34 of gestation, when they can be palpated in the inguinal canal.While the NNP should be able to palpate the testicles at 36 weeks of gestation, the best answer choice is "34 weeks" because this is the first timeframe when palpation should be positive for testes in the inguinal canal. The keyword in the question that discriminates between answer choices is "initially". 3 / 4
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pg. 4 The NNP on duty is called to examine a 4-hour old newborn infant born at 38 weeks of gestation. The family reports recurrent clear drainage from the umbilical cord area that is consistently creating wet spots on the infant's clothing. Upon examination, the practitioner notes an abnormally thick and clamped umbilical cord, nonerythematous stump region, and clear-yellow drainage slowly seeping from the stump. No palpable mass is identified. The most likely etiology for the infant's
presentation is:
- umbilical granuloma
- urachal cyst
- urachal patency - Correct Answer - C
A patent urachus is an anomaly that involves an abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and umbilicus, resulting in drainage of urine at the umbilicus. Over time, dermatitis can evolve as well as recurrent urinary tract infections. The fluid can be evaluated; measuring for creatinine will confirm the presence of urine. Ultrasound can confirm the connection of the urachus to the umbilical cord. Let's also review the other answer choices and identify some important facts.An umbilical granuloma, or polyp, is typically associated with a red, raw-appearing heap of tissue at the umbilicus. Urachal cysts typically present as palpable umbilical masses or umbilical edema.
The NNP identifies a foot anomaly in a newborn. The pregnancy was complicated by dichorionic-diamniotic twin gestation and oligohydramnios. During the physical examination, the infant's toes deviate medially, the arch appears abnormally high, and the NNP cannot abduct the foot beyond the neutral position. The most likely etiology for
these findings is:
- genu recurvatum
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