NR 228 - NUTRITION NOTES
Latest 2023 / 2024
• Non-insulin dependent diabetics can get off of medications with healthy behaviors and lifestyle modifications
- Ch. 1, 2, 3
• Ch. 1: Wellness, Nutrition, and Nursing Role, Ch. 2: Nutrients, Food, and Health, Ch. 3: GI
GI 11-min video (“Digestive System, Part 1: Crash Course A&P #33”)
• Gi has a lot of surface area → • Energy stored in between bonds and atoms
• Calories: how we measure the energy
• Human digestion (6 main steps):
- (Ingestion) mechanically and chemically destruct food (physically smashing
food or by using enzymes to speed up chemical digestion) [Ingestion]
• mechanical breakdown in mouth: teeth
• chemical breakdown in mouth (using enzymes) → amylase and lipase → enzymes coat food (and make it sweeter) and then we are able to swallow it ▪ lipids ▪ carbohydrates ▪ nucleic acids ▪ proteins
o hollow organs: alimentary canal or “GI” tract → hallow
o accessory digestive organs: salivary glands,
- Propulsion (swallowing [voluntary] and peristalsis [involuntary])
▪ Food going down: BOLUS
▪ food moving through (swallowing): travels by propulsion
- Mechanical breakdown
- Chemical digestion
- Absorption (of those nutrients) by active and passive transport
- Defecation
- FAT SLOWS the BOWEL DOWN ↓
- / 1
▪ liver, pancreas, and gallbladder secrete
▪ body has sucked all of the nutrients out and removes the rest of it by defecating • 2 things that increase absorption in the bowel: villi- microvilli on top of it [velvet-like surface] and on top of villi • fibers: rot in the bowel and produce gas AND anything producing gas in the bowel is propelled forward FASTER (why fiber fruit is good for you → we don’t want fat sitting in the bowel)