NR 283 Quiz 3 (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Pathophysiology | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain Kidney failure - Kidneys pee out acids, so if they aren't working, the body will retain acids.Diarrhea - Bases come out your butt, so that leaves the bases in the toilet & acids are left in your body DKA - The blood becomes acidotic due to the presence of ketones in the blood, which are acids - ANSWER What causes metabolic acidosis?Hyperventilation - The lungs want to breathe faster to blow off more CO2 (acid) to try and balance out the acidic state - ANSWER What is the compensation for metabolic acidosis?Diuresis - Kidneys pee out acids, so if they are diuresing the acids are in the toilet & bases are left in the body Vomiting - We throw up acids, so if we're puking - acids are in the toilet and bases are left in the body Excess Ingestion of Antacids - Lots of patients with acid reflux, ingest A LOT of tums/antacids which are bases - ANSWER What causes metabolic alkalosis?Hypoventilation - The lungs want to breathe slower to retain more CO2(acid) to try and balance out the alkalotic state - ANSWER What is the compensation for metabolic alkalosis? 1 / 2
Hypoventilation caused by drug overdose, respiratory arrest, CNS depression - ANSWER What is the cause of acute respiratory acidosis?Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - CO2 cannot be expelled appropriately, so it is retained - ANSWER What is the cause of chronic respiratory acidosis?Diuresis - the kidneys are peeing more to expel the extra acids retained by the lungs - ANSWER What is the compensation for respiratory acidosis?Hyperventilation - lungs are breathing too fast and blowing off too much CO2 (acid), so now the acid is in the air and the bases are left in the body - ANSWER What is the cause of respiratory alkalosis?Oliguria (Low Urine Output) - lungs are blowing off too much acid, so the kidneys are retaining urine to retain more acids to balance out the alkalotic state - ANSWER What is the compensation for respiratory alkalosis?pH < 7.35 CO2 > 45 - ANSWER Respiratory Acidosis pH, CO2 range pH > 7.45 CO2 < 35 - ANSWER Respiratory Alkalosis pH, CO2 range
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