NR 503 Final Exam - Chamberlain College of Nursing
Latest 2023 / 2024
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Incidence cannot be calculated with the information in this table
31.0%
41.1%
51.2%
62.3%
A new drug treatment for cardiac thrombus claims to have a higher success rate than the current drug. A strong sign of the potential success is the lack of internal hemorrhaging starting 2 days after treatment. 168 patients who require treatment for cardiac thrombi are randomized after agreeing to participate in a trial of the new drug. The researchers were interested in whether the new drug reduced the need for blood transfusions due to internal hemorrhage compared to the
current treatment. The following table summarizes the results of her study:
What is the incidence of needing a blood transfusion in the group of persons who were randomized to the new drug treatment?
Explanation Incidence is the development of the outcome under investigation among those at risk. In this instance, 43 participants “developed” the need for a blood transfusion among the 84 persons in the new drug treatment group.
Question A new drug treatment for cardiac thrombus claims to have a higher success rate than the current drug. A strong sign of the potential success is the lack of internal hemorrhaging starting 2 days after treatment. 168 patients who require treatment for cardiac thrombi are randomized after agreeing to participate in a trial of the new drug. The researchers were interested in whether the new drug reduced the need for blood transfusions due to internal hemorrhage compared to the
current treatment. The following table summarizes the results of her study:
What is the number of persons who died in hospital in the study? 2 / 4
The number of deaths cannot be calculated as the death rate has not been age-adjusted
7
17
28
35
Ensures that the researchers are masked to the treatment group assignment for each participant Facilitates the age-adjustment of the death rate in each group Reduces the potential for selection bias in allocation of treatment group
Explanation The death rate in the study for all participants is 0.167. Multiplying this number by 168, the total number of participants, results in 28 deaths in hospital following treatment.
Question A new drug treatment for cardiac thrombus claims to have a higher success rate than the current drug. A strong sign of the potential success is the lack of internal hemorrhaging starting 2 days after treatment. 168 patients who require treatment for cardiac thrombi are randomized after agreeing to participate in a trial of the new drug. The researchers were interested in whether the new drug reduced the need for blood transfusions due to internal hemorrhage compared to the
current treatment. The following table summarizes the results of her study:
What is the main advantage of the randomization of the 168 study participants to one of the two drug treatment groups?
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Correct
Incorrect as the data do not indicate the death rate among only those receiving a blood transfusion Incorrect as the number of expected deaths is not known Incorrect as the cause-specific death rate for internal hemorrhaging is not reported Incorrect as the duration of time from blood transfusion to death is not reported
Explanation Though the study is being conducted in a group of persons with a similar diagnosis, there should be differences in age, gender, race, and severity of conditions in the 168 participants. In order to ensure that those with a healthier profile are not preferentially selected for one of the treatment groups, randomization is used.
Question A new drug treatment for cardiac thrombus claims to have a higher success rate than the current drug. A strong sign of the potential success is the lack of internal hemorrhaging starting 2 days after treatment. 168 patients who require treatment for cardiac thrombi are randomized after agreeing to participate in a trial of the new drug. The researchers were interested in whether the new drug reduced the need for blood transfusions due to internal hemorrhage compared to the
current treatment. The following table summarizes the results of her study:
The researchers interpret the findings to conclude that the new drug treatment is more likely to
result in a blood transfusion and subsequent death. This statement is:
Explanation
Ensures that non-compliance will not affect the results
Ensures that the study groups are comparable for characteristics such as age and severity of condition prior to treatment assignment
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