NR 507 / NR 507 Pathophysiolgy Midterm Review Week 1-3 Questions with Correct Answers Latest 2025/2026 Hypersensitivity Type 1 - ANSWER -Mediated by IgE -Inflammation due to mast cell degranulation
*local symptoms: itching, rash (immediate, wide distributed)
*systemic symptoms: wheezing
**Most Dangerous form: Anaphylaxis-systemic response, hypotension, severe
bronchospasm
*tx: epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2 - ANSWER *Cytotoxic: tissue specific (toxic to thyroid) **ex graves-hyperthyroid, does not destroy, alters **ex. incompatible blood, cells destroyed *Macrophages primary effectors -can cause tissue damage or alter function Hypersensitive Type 3 - ANSWER **Not organ specific -Bind to soluble antigen outside cell *Neutrophil primary effector cell
-ex. rheumatoid arthritis: joints
Hypersensitivity Type 4 - ANSWER **Delayed response (rash only at site of contact) ** T-cell mediated -ex. poison ivy, contact dermatitis 1 / 2
-tx. topical corticoid steroid, No antihistamines or abx Autoimmunity - ANSWER *genetic (*may not be the same autoimmune disease) Alloimmunity - ANSWER *immune system reacts against tissue of other member same species (human to human) Examples....
- transplant rejection
*transfusion rejection Two Types of Immunodeficency - ANSWER Primary Secondary Primary Immunodeficiency - ANSWER -single gene defects -something lacking within immune system
example. B-lymphocyte deficiency: most severe
Secondary Immunodeficiency - ANSWER -complication of other physiological condition **malnutrition most common cause world wide
example: HIV pt gets pneumocystis
Anemia (8) - ANSWER Iron Deficiency Vit B12 Folate Deficiency Hemolytic Anemia Acute Blood Loss Anemia
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