NSG 123 - Medical-Surgical Nursing I
Exam 2
Question:
What is an abdominal x-ray used for?
Answer:
Useful for determining the cause of symptoms. Free air in the peritoneum and bowel dilation or obstruction should be excluded as a source of the presenting symptoms.
Question:
Ulcerative Colitis Assessment Findings
Answer:
The stool is positive for blood Laboratory test results reveal low hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, elevated white blood cell count, low albumin levels, and an electrolyte imbalance. C-reactive protein levels are elevated. Elevated antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels are common. Careful stool examination for parasites and other microbes is performed to rule out dysentery caused by common intestinal organisms, especially Entamoeba histolytica, C. difficile and Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, and Cryptospora species.
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Question:
Crohn's Disease Assessment Findings
Answer:
A CBC is performed to assess hematocrit and hemoglobin levels (which may be decreased) as well as the white blood cell count (may be elevated). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is usually elevated. Albumin and protein levels may be decreased, indicating malnutrition.
Question:
Definite Diagnostic Study for Ulcerative Colitis
Answer:
Colonoscopy
Question:
What is an abdominal MRI used for?
Answer:
It is highly sensitive and specific in terms of identifying pelvic and perianal abscesses and fistulae.
Question:
What surgery can cure Ulcerative Colitis?
Answer:
Proctocolectomy (removal of colon and rectum) 2 / 4
Question:
Describe a Strictureplasty
Answer:
Blocked or narrowed sections of the small intestine are widened, leaving the intestines intact.
Question:
Describe an Intestinal Transplant
Answer:
A newer surgical procedure developed for patients with severe Crohn's disease is intestinal transplant. This technique is now available to children and to young and middle-aged adults who have lost intestinal function from disease. It may provide improvement in quality of life for some patients.
Question:
Describe a Total Colectomy
Answer:
Excision of the entire colon
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Question:
S/S of Perforation
Answer:
Acute increase in abdominal pain Rigid abdomen Vomiting Hypotension
Question:
S/S of Toxic Megacolon
Answer:
Abdominal distention Decreased or absent bowel sounds Change in mental status Fever Tachycardia Hypotension Dehydration Electrolyte imbalances
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