NSG 221 Final Exam With 125 Questions & Correct Answers
Health - ANSWER-a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Population health - ANSWER-the health of individuals in a specific area common personal and environmental characteristics
public health - ANSWER-art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organized community efforts to benefit each citizen
Community health - ANSWER-focuses on health promotion disease and prevention care is general, not episodic holistic approach
Determinants of health - ANSWER-inequities; arise because of systemic variations in factors such as quality of healthcare access and services, individual behaviors, communities, & access to housing
Core public health functions - ANSWER-assessment policy development assurance
Primary prevention - ANSWER-activities directed at preventing a problem before it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals 1 / 3
generates health promotion
secondary prevention - ANSWER-refers to early detection and prompt intervention during the period of early disease pathogenesis -after problem has begun, but before signs and symptoms appear
Tertiary prevention - ANSWER-targets populations that have experiences disease or injury and focuses on limitations of disability and rehabilitation
Health promotion - ANSWER-efforts that enhance resiliency and protective factors
ex: good nutrition, provision of adequate shelter, encouraging exercise
Disease prevention - ANSWER-activities that protect people from disease and the effects of disease
Healthy people 2020 - ANSWER-Divided into 42 topics with multiple objectives proposed two broad goals
goal 1: increase quality and years of healthy life
goal 2: eliminate health disparities
endemic - ANSWER-disease that is always present in the population (Flu or cold)
epidemic - ANSWER-existence of disease in a large proportion of the population
pandemic - ANSWER-global spread of disease
hunting & gathering stage - ANSWER-before 10,000BC 2 / 3
small, isolated groups almost no presence of disease nutrition was probably good
the settled villages stage - ANSWER-10,000-6,000BC domesticated animals led to zoonosis waste disposal and water availability became problems issues related to agrarian lifestyle
Pre-industrial cities stage - ANSWER-6,000BC-1700AD waste disposal and clean water availability problems increased greatly plagues resulted due to those issues the incidence rate of communicable disease increased
industrial cities stage - ANSWER-1700-1800AD large amounts of industrial waste led to increased air and water pollution harsh working condition epidemics of infectious diseases became a problem
the present period - ANSWER-1900s-2000s AD sedentary lifestyles and negative personal behaviors (i.e. smoking) increasing affected health dietary changes and individual behaviors led to increased prevalence of noncommunicable, chronic disease
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