NSG 223 - Medical-Surgical Nursing II

NSG 223 - Medical-Surgical Nursing II

Exam 1

Question:

Meds for Myocarditis

Answer:

Penicillins, Amphotericin B

Question:

Myocarditis pathology

Answer:

Viral infections or immune related (rheumatic fever, Crohn's, Lupus)

Question:

Pericarditis - nursing mgt

Answer:

Analgesics, forward-leaning or sitting position to relieve pain, gradual increases in activity

• / 4

Question:

Pericarditis assessment

Answer:

• Evaluate patient in various positions
• presence of pericardial friction rub (hallmark sign) (creaky/scratch, louder

at exhalation)

• pt has to sit, lean forward, and hold their breath for rub to be heard

Question:

Pericardial effusion

Answer:

abnormal accumulation of fluid b/w pericardial linings

• can accumulate and choke the heart (i.e., cardiac tamponade, impair v-

filling & pumping)

Question:

Cardiac tamponade

Answer:

• acute compression of the heart
• SOB, chest tightness, dizziness
• Beck triad is hallmark (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, elevated jugular

venous pressure)

• heart sounds go from distant to imperceptible 2 / 4

Question:

Angina pectoris pathophysiology

Answer:

• Atherosclerosis

- Associated w/angina pain: physical exertion, exposure to cold, eating a

heavy meal, or stressful situation

Question:

Types of Angina

Answer:

stable, unstable, intractable/refractory, variant, silent ischemia

Question:

Intractable or refractory angina

Answer:

severe incapacitating chest pain

Question:

Variant angina

Answer:

pain at rest with reversible ST-segment elevation; thought to be caused by coronary artery vasospasm 3 / 4

Question:

Silent ischemia

Answer:

Objective evidence of ischemia (ECG changes w/stress test) but no pain

Question:

Angina nursing mgt

Answer:

- Treat it: stop activities, semi-Fowler's, 12-lead ECG, nitro, oxygen

- Reduce anxiety: guided imagery, music therapy, spiritual needs

- Promote care: education, symptoms, prevention

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