NSG 500 - Advanced Health Assessment
Exam 2
Question:
How to differentiate between crackles and rhonchi?
Answer:
- Auscultate the lungs before and after the patient coughs.
- Rhonchi can clear with coughing because they represent secretions in
larger airways.
Question:
What is bronchophony? What does it indicate?
Answer:
Clarity and loudness of spoken sounds, extreme in presence of consolidation of lungs
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Question:
What is egophony? What does it indicate?
Answer:
nasal quality spoken voice, increased resonance of voice sounds when auscultating the lungs, air-filled lung tissue is an insulator of sound
Question:
What is pectoriloquy?
Answer:
increased loudness of whispering noted during auscultation
Question:
What is stridor? What does it indicate?
Answer:
- High-pitched sound with inspiration
- Due to laryngeal obstruction or narrowing from foreign body or swelling
Question:
How to detect left ventricular hypertrophy?
Answer:
You will be able to feel a thrill over the left sternal border
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Question:
Systolic murmurs
Answer:
- Typically occur between S1 and S2
- Include regurgitation and ejection
- Usually are not serious
Question:
relatively prolonged extra heart sounds heard during systole or diastole, disruption in the flow of blood into, through or out of heart.
Answer:
Murmurs
Question:
Common causes of murmurs?
Answer:
diseased valves, do not open or close well. Not all murmurs are valve related, causes can be high output demands with pregnancy, fever, thyrotoxicosis, and anemia.
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Question:
When is mitral valve prolapse best heard?
Answer:
When changing positions. Listening while patient goes from sitting to standing position will magnify the sounds.
Question:
What do higher murmur grades mean?
Answer:
- The higher you go, the worse and more severe the murmur. The higher
grades can be heard with stethoscope off of chest.
Question:
Grade I murmur
Answer:
barely audible
Question:
Grade II murmur
Answer:
quiet but clearly audible
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