NSG 533 - Advanced Pharmacology
Exam 2
Question:
How does Tramadol work?
Answer:
It is a centrally acting synthetic opioid with weak SSRI/SNRI activity.
Question:
What are the daily dose limits for Tramadol?
Answer:
Maximum of 200mg per day.
Question:
What are the potential interactions of Tramadol?
Answer:
Increased risk of seizures with TCAs and other SSRIs, risk for serotonin syndrome.
- / 3
Question:
What are the common side effects of Tramadol?
Answer:
Dizziness, vertigo, nausea/vomiting, lethargy.
Question:
What are some risk factors for pneumonia?
Answer:
Dysphagia, change in oropharyngeal bacterial colonization, gastroesophageal reflux disease, lowered host defense.
Question:
What can cause oropharyngeal colonization?
Answer:
Poor oral care, dental disease, tube feedings, medications.
Question:
How does gastroesophageal reflux disease contribute to pneumonia?
Answer:
Decreases mucosal and cilia protection, alters cough reflex, promotes gram- negative bacilli colonization.
- / 3
Question:
What microorganisms are commonly associated with Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
Answer:
- pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma pneumoniae,
mortadella catarrhalis.
Question:
What is the treatment regimen for CAP in a patient with comorbidities?
Answer:
Beta-lactam or cephalosporin + macrolide or doxycycline. Fluoroquinolone monotherapy is also an option.
Question:
What are the counseling points regarding antacid use with Fluoroquinolone?
Answer:
Separate antacid and antibiotic by at least two hours.
Question:
How does a gram stain work and what information does it provide?
Answer:
Gives rapid information about bacterial morphologic characteristics.
- / 3