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NSG 533 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4
NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM| COMPLETE 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+|| NEW!!
Define DLCO - ANSWER - Diffusion of lung for carbon monoxide
How is DLCO used and measured? - ANSWER - pt inhales small amount of CO and tracer, they hold breath for 10s and then exhale.exhale CO2 is measured.
LOW DLCO is associated with what disease? - ANSWER - Alveoliar capillary membrane disease/ restrictive lung dz
normal DLCO in what condition? - ANSWER - asthma
Classic signs of emphysema - ANSWER - barrel chest, air trapping, frequent exacerbations, infections, broncospasms; airway obstruction
What does emphysema allow to predominate? - ANSWER - preoteases
Normal FEV1/FEV ratio in that lung dz? - ANSWER - Restrictive because both values are LOW
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Type 2 atelectasis is compression, also known as: - ANSWER -
pneumothorax (outside air enters lung space)
characteristics of pulmonary fibrosis (aka interstital lung dz) - ANSWER
- disruption in methylation, high collagen, low elastin, + growth factors.
- pro-fibrotic cytokines. Delays gas exchange
what factors can lead to ARDS? - ANSWER - sepsis, fire inhalation, respiratory viruses
list the pathophysiology flow of ARDS - ANSWER - injury>inflammation>ACM damage>V/Q mismatch> lung edema>remodeling fibrotic lung
ARDS oxyhemoglobin curve shifts to the ___ (right/left) because of ____ (acidosis/alkalosis) - ANSWER - right; acidosis
What is a pulmonary sign of worsening ARDS - ANSWER - hypoxemia.Despite o2 supplementation because paO2/FiO2 ratio
Normal PaO2/FiO2 ratio? What happens if it decreases? - ANSWER - ~475. if it decreases= issue
why is the newborn showing signs of respiratory distress? - ANSWER - low surfactant
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