NSG533 NSG 533 EXAM 1

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NSG533 / NSG 533 EXAM 1

Advanced Pharmacology - Wilkes Actual Questions and Answers

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Grade A+ Wilkes 100% Guarantee Pass.Each Question Includes The Correct Answer Expert-Verified explanation

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--- ### 1. What are the current 4 different diagnostic criteria for diabetes in nonpregnant adults?

Answers:

• Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 126 mg/dL
• Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL at 2 hours
• A1c ≥ 6.5%
• Random glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL AND classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic

crisis (polyuria, polydipsia, or unexplained weight loss)

Rationale:

These criteria are endorsed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and are based on thresholds where risk of complications rises. Each measure reflects different aspects of glucose homeostasis. The combination of glucose and symptoms in the random test further increases diagnostic reliability.

--- ### 2. Which of the diagnostic tests are currently recommended to use as screening tests?

Answers:

A1c, FPG, or the 2-hour 75-gram anhydrous OGTT.

Rationale:

These tests are non-invasive, standardized, and convenient for population screening. They detect both diabetes and prediabetes in asymptomatic individuals.

--- ### 3. Are there specific clinical conditions/comorbidities that would make A1c testing less accurate (and, therefore, less desirable to use)? 2 / 3

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Answers:

A1c may not be accurate in patients with anemias or hemoglobinopathies.Plasma blood glucoses (rather than A1c) should be used to diagnose the acute onset of type 1 diabetes in persons with symptoms of hyperglycemia.

Rationale:

A1c reflects glycation of hemoglobin, so any condition affecting red cell turnover (hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinopathies, recent transfusions) compromises accuracy. Acute hyperglycemia develops too quickly to be reflected by an A1c.

--- ### 4. What are the recommended criteria for testing for prediabetes or diabetes in asymptomatic adults?

Answers:

• Test all adults beginning at age 45 years, regardless of their weight.
• Testing is also recommended for adults of any age who are overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and

have additional risk factors.

• If results are normal, it is "reasonable" to test again at 3-year intervals and consider more

frequent testing depending on initial results and risk status (per ADA guidance).

Rationale:

Age and BMI are the main risk factors, but earlier testing in high-risk individuals allows earlier detection and intervention, reducing complications.

--- ### 5. What are the recommended criteria for testing for prediabetes or diabetes in asymptomatic children?

Answers:

• Overweight/obesity (BMI or weight >85th percentile) or weight >120% of ideal for height
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