NUR 108 Heart Diseases

NUR 108 Heart Diseases

• Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?
• Pulmonic Stenosis
• Tricuspid Atresia
• Atrial Septal Defect
• Transposition of the Great Arteries

Answer

• Atrial Septal Defect - blood flows from the left atrium to the right atrium (high pressure to

low pressure) and then into the lungs A - narrowing, hardening, thickening - obstruction B - decreased pulmonary flow D - mixed blood flow

• Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer Pulmonic stenosis Ventricular Septal Defect Overriding Aorta Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

• What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump and adequate amount of blood to

the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

• Pulmonary Congestion
• Congenital Heart Defect
• Congestive Heart Failure
• Systemic Venous Congestion

Answer

C. CHF

• - fluid in the lungs
• - broad spectrum, malformation of the heart present at birth
• excessive accumulation in the systemic vascular

• A clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with CHF is 1 / 3

Answer

• Tachypnea
• Tachycardia
• Peripheral Edema
• Pale, cool extremities

Answer

• Peripheral edema

A - pulmonary congestion B & D - impaired myocardial function

• A beneficial effect of administering digoxin is that it

Answer

• Decreases edema
• Decreases cardiac output
• Increases heart size
• Increases venous pressure

Answer

• Decreases edema - by increasing cardiac

output, it decreases venous pressure and results in decreased edema, rapid onset B - opposite C - decreases

• The nurse is evaluating a child who is taking digoxin for her cardiac condition. The nurse is

cognizant that a common sign of digoxin toxicity is

Answer

• Seizures
• Vomiting
• Bradypnea
• Tachycardia

Answer

• Vomiting 2 / 3

C - tachypnea D - bradycardia

Arrhythmias in adults

• An 8 month old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. The nurse's first

action should be to

Answer

• Assess for neurologic defects
• Place the child in the knee-chest position
• Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Prepare the family for imminent death

Answer

• Place the child in the knee-chest position - constricts the veins in the legs and forces the

blood upward, pushes on the diaphragm and helps the breathing and heart

• The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The

nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) exists. An important objective to decrease this risk is to

Answer

• Minimize seizures
• Prevent dehydration
• Promote cardiac output
• Reduce energy expenditure

Answer

• Prevent dehydration - have thicker blood when dehydrated, at greater risk of developing a

clot

• Parents of a 3 year old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play

with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on knowing that

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