NUR 128 Final Exam – Adult Questions with Complete Solutions Calcium (normal value, function and foods) - Correct Answer 9 - 11 mg/dL Regulates muscle contraction and relaxation.Milk, dark leafy greens.Magnesium (normal value, function and foods) - Correct Answer 1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L Helps relax muscles DNA protein synthesis, regulates cardiac and neuromuscular function grains, nuts, dried fruit, legumes, leafy greens, dairy, meat and fish Sodium (normal value, function and foods) - Correct Answer 135 - 145 mEq/L Regulates water balance Processed foods Potassium (normal value, function and foods) - Correct Answer 3.5 - 5.3 mEq/L Cardiac and smooth muscle activity, acid-base balance.Fruits, veggies, meats and fish Phosphate (normal value and function) - Correct Answer Forming bones and teeth, ATP and DNA.Inverse relationship with calcium.
2.5-4.5 mg/dL Chloride (normal value and function) - Correct Answer HCL production, mostly same as sodium 95 - 105 mEq/L Hyperkalemia - Correct Answer "Tight and contracted" Hypotension, bradycardia, hyperactive bowel sounds can be treated with kayexalate, dialysis, diuretics 1 / 2
Hypokalemia - Correct Answer "Low and slow" Flat T waves, ST depression, hypoactive bowel sounds Hypernatremia - Correct Answer "Big and bloated" Flush, edema, dry tongue, nausea and vomiting Hyponatremia - Correct Answer "Depressed and deflated" Seizures, coma, tachycardia, weak pulse Hyperchloremia - Correct Answer Nausea and vomiting, dry tongue, flush Hypochloremia - Correct Answer seizures, coma, tachycardia, weak pulse Hypermagnesemia - Correct Answer "Calm and quiet" Heart - bradycardia, hypotension deep tendon reflexes are slow shallow respirations Hypomagnesemia - Correct Answer "Buck wild" tachycardia, tremors, tetany, seizures and arrhythmias.hyper reactive DTR Hypercalcemia - Correct Answer "Swollen and slow" fatigue, lethargic, confusion
Treatment: calcitonin, phosphorus (inverse relationship)
Hypocalcemia - Correct Answer Trousseau's sign (BP cuff causing adduction) Chvostek's sign (Cheek twitch) Muscle twitching, cardiac dysrthmias
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