NUR 1600 FINAL EXAM - 2. Healthy People 2020 Goals for Breast Cancer ...

NUR 1600 FINAL EXAM

• Breast Cancer

Answer A disease in which cells in the breast tissue grow out of control

• Healthy People 2020 Goals for Breast Cancer

Answer

• Reduce death rate

• Reduce late stage breast cancer rate
• Increase # of women screened (according to guidelines)
• Increase #of women counselled about mammogram by their provider

• USPSTF recommendations for Breast Cancer

Answer If pt has family history/risk of BRACA1 or BRACA2 mutation they should receive genetic counseling, and if indicated BRCA testing

• Screening Recommendations for Breast Cancer

Answer

• Mammogram every 2 years from age 50-74

• Screening before 50 is for pt of higher risk

*- Self examination is not recommended

• Breast Cancer Risk Factors

Answer

• Age over 50

• Family history, mother, grandmother, sister
• Personal history of breast cancer
• First pregnancy after the age of 30
• More likely in females
• Race and ethnicity (caucasian) 1 / 3

• Breast density
• Physical inactivity
• Obesity
• Alcohol intake
• Estrogen replacement therapy
• Smoking

• Expected Signs and Symptoms found upon health assessment for breast cancer

Answer

• Asymmetry of breasts

• Rapid change in breast size
• Swelling of all or part of the breast even if no lump is felt
• Irregular shape/color in areola or nipple
• Nipple retraction or nipple turning inward
• Nipple discharge
• Scaliness or thickening of the nipple or breast skin
• Dimpling of the skin (orange peel-like)
• Erythema or redness of the breast
• Enlarged axillary lymph nodes
• New lumps/masses
• Hard, fixed lumps (mostly found in armpit)

• Prevention for Breast Cancer

Answer Primary Prevention Healthy lifestyle

decrease modifiable risks

• Incorporate physical activity
• Decrease obesity and alcohol intake
• Decrease smoking
• Breast self-awareness

Secondary Prevention

• Early detection
• Screening per guidelines 2 / 3

• Mammograms
• Early treatment

Tertiary Prevention

• Coping post-treatment
• Sexuality/reproductive concerns

• Cervical Cancer

Answer Malignant cell growth in the cervix; can be caused by HPV virus Target population women 21-65

• Healthy People 2020 Goals for Cervical Cancer

Answer

• Increase # of women screened (according to guidelines)

• USPSTF recommendations for Cervical Cancer

Answer

• Cervical cytology screen- ing every 3 years women ages 21 - 29

• If at risk for HPV, cervical cytology screening every 5 years ages aged 30 - 65
• Annual pap smear as apart of the well woman checkup

• Cervical Cancer Risk Factors

Answer

• HPV infection

• Smoking
• Weakened immune system/HIV
• Chlamydia
• Diet low in fruits and vegetables
• Overweight
• Long term use of birth control pills
• IUD's
• / 3