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NUR 213 Test 2 Ch.2
- Sepsis
Answer -Life-threatening syndrome in response to an infection -A group of symptoms or syndrome in response to an infection that can include organ dysfunction related to the infection -Infection fighting processes turn on the body, causing organs to work poorly
- Sepsis Risk Factors
Answer -Infants, children, older adults -People who have serious injuries -People who survived sepsis -People with recent severe illness or hospitalization -People with chronic medical condition-Diabetes -Immunosuppressed patients- HIV, Chemotherapy Patients
- Causes of Sepsis
Answer •Gram-negative & Gram-positive bacteria • Parasites • Fungi • Viruses • The causative agent may not be identified
- Sepsis S/S
Answer -Increased HR/ weak pulse -Confusion/ Disorientation -Extreme pain/ Discomfort -Fever/Shivering/ Cold -Shortness of breath -Clammy or sweaty skin
- Sepsis assessments and monitoring
Answer -Temperature/ Fever -CBC/ WBC/ Neutrophils 1 / 4
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-BP/HR/RR
-Skin assessment -Mental Status -Blood sugar -Cultures and sensitivity -Lung sounds
- Sepsis Blood Cultures
Answer -Blood Cultures
Answer Identify probable microorganisms by characteristics
Answer shape, growth patterns and gram-staining qualities -Sensitivity Testing= After organism is cultured, it is subjected to sensitivity testing using various antibiotics to determine which antibiotic is to be MOST EFFECTIVE, Usually takes 24- 48 hours to grow organism, SPECIMENS SHOULD BE OBTAINED BEFORE ANTIBIOTIC
THERAPY INITIATED
- Meningitis
Answer Inflammation of the protective membranes covering of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
- Bacterial Meningitis
Answer Meningitis caused by bacteria can be deadly and requires immediate medical attention.Vaccines are available to help protect against some
kinds of bacterial meningitis.
- Viral Meningitis
Answer Meningitis caused by viruses is serious but often is less severe than bacterial meningitis. People with normal immune systems who get viral menin- gitis usually get better on their own. There are vaccines to prevent some kinds of viral meningitis.
- Meningitis Causes
Answer -Several types of bacteria can cause meningitis. Leading causes in the United States include 2 / 4
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Answer
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Group B Streptococcus
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Listeria monocytogenes
- E Coli.
- Meningitis Risk Factors
Answer -Age
Answer babies -Group Setting -Certain Medical Conditions -Working with meningitis causing pathogens -Travel
- How is meningitis spread?
Answer -Group B Streptococcus and E. coli
Answer Mothers can pass these bacteria to their babies during birth.-H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis, and S. pneumoniae
Answer People spread these bacteria by coughing or sneezing while in close contact with others, who breathe in the bacteria.-N. meningitidis
Answer People spread these bacteria by sharing respiratory or throat secretions (saliva or spit). This typically occurs during close (coughing or kissing) or lengthy (living together) contact.-E. coli
Answer People can get these bacteria by eating food prepared by people who did not wash their hands well after using the toilet.
- Brudzinski's sign 3 / 4
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Answer Flexion of the hips and knees in response to neck flexion
- Kernig's sign
Answer Resistance to extension of the leg while the hip is flexed
- Meningitis CAT scan
Answer -Done before a LP -To rule out obstruction of foramen magnum to prevent a fluid shift resulting in herniation. Can reveal increased ICP or hydrocephalus
- Bacterial Meningitis LP- CSF
Answer -Increased WBC -Increased protein -Decreased glucose -Positive bacteria -Cloudy to turbidity
- Viral Meningitis LP-CSF
Answer -Slightly increased WBC -Normal protein -Normal glucose -Negative bacteria -Clear
- When teaching the staff about how the health care provider strives to work effectively within
- Cultural diversity
- Cultural sensitivity
- Cultural imposition
- Cultural competence
the cultural context of a client, which cultural principle is the nurse leader explaining?
Answer D
- Which results are the benefits of providing culturally competent care?
- Increased client safety, Reduced health disparities, Increased client satis- faction
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