NUR 220 Test 3
- Stress-
Answer useful and harmful- complex series of reactions both psychological and physical in response to a demanding or threatening situation
- Distress-
Answer events or situations that produce negative or unwanted outcomes and are difficult to control
- Eustress
Answer events or situations that create demands on a person that result in positive outcomes
-becoming a new parent -eustress can still have negative effects
- Stressor-
Answer any physical or psychological, social, emotional, spiritual stimulus that disrupts homeostasis thereby necessitation change or adaptation
- Homeostasis
Answer state of balance that requires the individual to change or adapt
- 3 categories stressors
Answer -extrinsic factors
stressors over which individuals do not have control (spouse dying) 1 / 3
-Modifiable factors
individual can modify through change environment, interactions, behavior
-Intrinsic factors
stressors created or exacerbated by individual response to stress (e.g., negative thinking, procrastination)
- Consequences of Stress
- Consequences of Stress
Answer Multidimensional effects Physical Physiological Socio-behavioral Spiritual
Answer Stress can be useful or harmful
Stress increases efficiency and productivity to a point Point exists where stress has negative impact
- Physiological effects of stress
- / 3
Answer neuroendocrine activation/behavior changes Fight-or-flight stress response adaptive, short-term, acute Increased metabolism, pulse, blood pressure, respiration, muscle tension
- maladaptive
Answer cause/exacerbate disease or symptoms of disease
- Stress Responses
Answer Physical responses
Stress hormones increase heart rate, blood pressure, central nervous system (CNS) activity, and blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles
- Psychological effects of stress
Answer -Contributory role in negative mood states Anxiety, depression, hostility, anger
-Elevated cortisol levels; immune system response -Affects health outcomes in key populations (e.g., elderly, terminally ill, caregivers)
- Sociobehaviroal effects of stress
Answer -Stress response individual reliance on less healthy behaviors Overeating Excessive use alcohol/drugs
Smoking Social isolation -Unhealthy behaviors associated with increased morbidity/mortality
- Good behaviors for soceiobehavioral effects of stress
Answer -not smoking
-communication
- / 3