pg. 1 NUR 221 ABG and Hematology Exam/ Actual Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers/ Latest Update 2024.
What is another name for increased and decreased RBC? - Correct Answer - polycythemia and anemia
What are causes of polycythemia? - Correct Answer - - cancer
- heart and lung disorder
- decreased oxygen
- OSA
**can lead to blood clots**
What are causes of anemia? - Correct Answer - underproduction or destruction of RBCs
What is the common cause of respiratory alkalosis? - Correct Answer - hyperventilation
- Body retains too many hydrogen ions or looses too many HCO3 ions
- Decreased pH - Correct Answer - metabolic acidosis
What are common causes of metabolic acidosis? - Correct Answer - renal failure and DKA
What is the treatment for metabolic acidosis? - Correct Answer - - sodium bicarbonate
- lungs may try to compensate by blowing off CO2 1 / 2
pg. 2
- Increase in the HCO3 or loss of hydrogen ions
- Increased pH - Correct Answer - metabolic alkalosis
What are common causes of metabolic alkalosis? - Correct Answer - - prolonged NGT suctioning
- excessive vomiting
How can you determine if an ABG is partially compensated? - Correct Answer - if all 3 values are abnormal
How can you determine if an ABG is fully compensated? - Correct Answer - the pH will be normal but the other values may still be abnormal
Whole blood is made of _____% plasma and _____% formed elements - Correct
Answer - - 55% plasma: water, proteins, and solutes
- 45% formed elements: platelets, RBC, and WBC
What are other names for platelets, RBC, and WBC? - Correct Answer - - platelets = thrombocytes
- RBC = erythrocytes
- WBC = leukocytes
organ that filters and stores RBC - Correct Answer - spleen
organ that makes plasma proteins (albumin and prothrombin) - Correct Answer - liver
Any alteration in whole blood can cause what 4 major problems? - Correct Answer - - Clot formation
- / 2