NUR 2349 Rasmussen Exam 1 Fall 2017

NUR 2349 Rasmussen Exam 1 Fall 2017

• Safety hazards in a home

Answer

• Poisoning - medication, household chemicals, lead, cosmetics.
• Carbon monoxide poisoning - treatment- 100% humidified oxygen.
• Scalds and burns
• Fires
• Falls - age >65 at highest risk
• Firearms injuries
• Suffocation/Asphyxiation- drowning, choking, smoke/gas inhalation, children 0-4yrs at

highest risk.

• Take home toxins- pathogenic microorganisms, asbestos, lead, mercury, arsenic.

• Safety hazards in hospital/care giving environment

Answer

Falls Equipment-related accidents

Fires/electrical hazards Restraints Side rails Mercury poisoning Infection Spills Back injury - poor body mechanics Needle stick injury Combative patients Poor staffing

• Preventing of harm to client and self

Answer

Wash hands! Complete fall risk assessment 1 / 4

Follow hospitals policies and procedures Check equipment regularly Actually assess your patients Proper body mechanics Proper disposal of sharps Radiation precautions Environmental Awareness

• Prevention of choking

Answer

• Suffocation by smothering is the leading cause of death for infants younger than 1 year.
• Suffocation may be caused by drowning, choking, or inhaling gas or smoke.
• Beware of small foods with small children, including hot dogs, raw vegetables, popcorn, hard

candies, nuts, and grapes. They are responsible for most non-fatal choking.

• Nonfood items, such as latex balloons and plastic bags, cause the majority of suffocation

deaths in young children.

• Suffocation of infants is often related to bed or crib hazards, such as excess bedding or

pillows, or toys hung from long ribbons inside the infant's crib.

• Fire Precautions

Answer

R.A.C.E Rescue

Alarm Contain Extinguish

• Poisoning

Answer

Poisoning-household chemicals, lead, medicines, cosmetics. Prevention- cabinet locks, store poisons high, keep poison control number available. Treatment depends on the poison ingested -

antidotes most often activated charcoal.Do NOT induce vomiting for acidic material ingested 2 / 4

• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Answer

• Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, tasteless, odorless toxic gas. Exposure can cause

headaches, weakness, nausea, and vomiting; prolonged exposure leads to seizures, dysrhythmias, unconsciousness, brain damage, and death.

• Do not use unconventional heating inside such as grill, or gas range
• Use of detectors and change batteries every 6 months.

• Mercury Poisoning

Answer

Products containing mercury include thermometers, thermostats, batteries, fluorescent light bulbs, blood pressure devices, and electrical equipment and switches.

To prevent have yearly facility training and follow facility policy

• Communication

Answer

• Educate patients
• Communicate specifics to tech
• Shift-to-shift report
• Use SBAR - specifically with physicians
• Use patient names - more specific
• Follow-up - if you say an hour, do it!
• Never walk past a call light
• Document accurately

• Walker

Answer 3 / 4

Handgrip at greater trochanter Elbow flexed 20-30 degree

Walker followed by affected side then unaffected side.

• Cane

Answer

Handgrip at greater trochanter Elbow flexed 15-30 degree

Use on UNAFFECTED side Place cane 4-6" to side stronger foot Move cane and affected leg at same time when walking, then unaffected leg

• Crutches

Answer

Arms/hands bear weight Up stairs=good first

Down stairs=bad first When walking crutch goes 6-10" in front Crutches go to affected side when sitting Pad 2 inches below axilla, 4 inches to side of heel Elbow flexed 20-30 degree when walking

• Fall risks and prevention

Answer

Cognition, balance, gait, mobility, vision, peripheral neuropathy, awareness, medications.Toddlers, elderly most at risk.

Bed to lowest point, only 2 guardrails left up, non-slip socks, remove throw rugs, remove clutter, orient to room, make sure patient knows how to use canes/walk- ers/crutches, call light within reach, prepare a fall assessment, clean, dry floors

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