NUR 257 Test
- What is the belief that health status is determined by the interaction of certain
characteristics?
Answer
Epidemiological Triad
- Epidemiological Triad
Answer
host, agent, environment
- What is the Host?
Answer
Human, Animal or insect harboring an infectious agent
- What is the agent?
Answer
The microbe that caused the disease
- What is the environment?
Answer
the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. 1 / 4
- Nurse explores how an infected person, mosquitoes and the environment contribute to
outbreaks of West Nile.
Answer
Epidemiological Triad Example
- What emphasizes the interplay of physical, biological and social environ- ments?
Answer
Wheel of Causation
- Nurse decides to not focus on the transmission of Malaria but the physical environment,
biological aspects and social customs that affect disease preva- lence.
Answer
Wheel of Causation Example
- What emphasizes the concept of multiple causation while de-emphasizing the role of agent
in explaining the illness?
Answer
Web of Causation
- Nurse explores all the possible factors that contribute to CAD in the community as links to
the whole chain.
Answer
Web of Causation Example
- What is the integrated pathogenesis of illness with primary, secondary and tertiary 2 / 4
prevention measures?
Answer
Natural History of Disease
- What is the PRIORITY for natural history of disease?
Answer
Establish the existence of the outbreak
- Steps in finding the natural history of disease
Answer
Prevent and control outbreaks Establish existence of the outbreak
Describe according to person, place and time Formulate and test hypothesis to the most probable factors Implement a plan for control and prevention of further outbreak Evaluate the results Prepare Reports Conduct further research
- What is the primary measurement used to describe the occurrence (quan- tity) and existence
of a specific state of health/ illness in a specific group of people each time?
Answer
Rates
- Has there been an increase of the need for hospitalization among reported COVID cases?
Answer
Rates Example 3 / 4
- Why do we calculate rates?
Answer
Provide the best indicator of the probability that a specific state of health will occur.
- Why do we use rates?
Answer
Measuring the magnitude or frequency of a state of health determines the characteristics of those who are at elevated risk.
- What number is used for rates in large populations?
Answer
100,000 (often used and then be presented as a %)
- What number is used for rates in smaller populations?
Answer
100 (often used and then be presented as a %)
- What is a rate and how is it calculated?
Answer
Fraction or a proportion that must be multiplied by a base to be understood.
- How much do we multiply the base by to calculate rates?
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