NUR 300 Exam 3 UMAINE
- Structures and Landmarks
Answer Promotes specific localization and facilitates com- munication of findings
- Mediastinum
Answer mid-section of thoracic cavity; contains esophagus, trachea, heart and great vessels
- Right and Left Pleural Cavity
Answer (contain the lungs)
- Apex
Answer Highest Point (top)
- Base
Answer Lowest Point (bottom)
- Trachea
Answer anterior to the esophagus
- Bronchial Tree
Answer Right bronchus is shorter, wider & more vertical than the left which is why it is more common for aspiration of foreign body to be in the right 1 / 3
- Visceral Pleaura
Answer lines outside of lungs, continuous with parietal pleura lining inside of chest wall and diaphragm
- Pleural Cavity
Answer is potential space filled only with few milliliters of lubricating fluid.
- Mechanics of Respiration
- Supply oxygen to the body for energy production
Answer
- Removes carbon dioxide as a waste product of energy reactions
- Maintaining homeostasis (acid-base balance) of arterial blood (By supplying oxygen to
- Maintaining heat exchange (less important in humans)
blood and eliminating excess carbon dioxide, respiration maintains pH or acid-base balance of blood.)
- Pons
Answer Control the rate of involuntary respiration
- Medulla
Answer Send signals to the muscles that control respiration to cause breathing to occur
- Subjective Data for Thorax and Lungs
- Cough
Answer
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain with breathing
- History of respiratory infections
- Smoking history 2 / 3
- Environmental exposure
- Self-care behaviors
- Subjective Data
Answer Cough
Answer
- Do you have a cough? When did it start? Gradual or sudden? How long have you had it?
- How often do you cough? At any special time of day?Cough wake you up at night?
- Do you cough up any phlegm or sputum? How much?What color is it?
- Cough up any blood? Does this look like streaks or frank blood? Does the sputum have a foul
odor?
- How would you describe your cough
Answer hacking, dry, barking, hoarse, congested, bubbling?
- Subjective Data (SOB)
Answer Ever had any shortness of breath or hard-breathing spells?- What brings it on? How severe is it?How long does it last?
- Is it affected by position, such as lying down?
- Occur at any specific time of day or night?
- Shortness of breath episodes associated with night sweats?
- Or cough, chest pain, or bluish color around lips or nails? Wheezing sound?
- Measurement of Pulmonary Function Status
- Forced expiratory time is number of seconds it takes to exhale from total lung capacity to
Answer
residual volume.
- It is a screening measure of air flow obstruction.
- Ask person to inhale deepest breath possible and then blow it all out hard, as quickly as
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