NUR 304 Test 8
- Fentanyl
Answer 0.1 mg = 10mg of morphine IV administration in perioperative/ ICU care
Transdermal (patch)— replace every 72 hours and releases over 6-12 hour period
- Peripheral Nervous System
Answer Efferent --> sympathetic nervous system (auto- nomic)
Afferent --> parasympathetic nervous system (somatic)
- Sympathetic Nervous System
Answer Adrenergic receptors (Alpha 1, Beta 1, Alpha 2,
Beta 2) neurotransmitters
N/E (norepinephrine & epinephrine)
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
Answer Cholinergic receptors (Nicotinic-- muscle, Muscarinic-- internal organs)
neurotransmitter
Ach (acetylcholine)
- Sympathetic Nervous System (fight or flight-- responds to stressful situa- tions); what are 1 / 3
the physiological responses to it being activated? ADRENER- GIC Answer pupils dilate
decreased saliva production increased heartrate and force bronchi dilated, bronchial muscles relaxed norepinephrine and epinephrine secreted from adrenal medulla (bind to the alpha and beta receptors)
GI motility and peristalsis reduced bladder wall relaxed, sphincter closed decreased urine secretion increased conversion of glycogen to glucose
- Parasympathetic Nervous System (rest and digest, anabolic, maintaining essential body
systems); what are the physiological responses of parasym- pathetic nervous system being activated? CHOLINERGIC
Answer -pupils constrict
-GI motility and digestion increases, gastric secretions increase -heart rate and force reduced
-saliva production increases -mucus production increases -hepatic production/ output of glucose can shut down/ reduce -bronchial muscles contract -urinary secretions increase -bladder wall contracts & sphincter relaxed -acetylcholine binds to cholinergic receptors (muscarinic, nicotinic)
- What are the main functions of Sympathetic Nervous System?
Answer Regulate body temp, regulate cardiovascular system, stimulates fight or flight response 2 / 3
bronchi dilated, heart rate and force increase, secretions decrease
- What are the main functions of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Answer rest and digest
elimination (bowel and urine) increases secretions increase (saliva, mucus, GI)
GI motility/ digestion increases pupils constrict bronchial smooth muscles contract heart rate reduced
- adrenergic drugs
Answer also called sympathomimetic drugs because they produce effects similar to sympathetic nervous system
agonists stimulate, antagonists inhibit
direct-acting--> directly act on adrenergic receptors indirect-acting--> does not directly act on receptors dual-acting --> both
- alpha-1 receptor
Answer dilates pupils (mydriasis), vasoconstricts b.v. and increases BP, increased closure of urinary bladder sphincter
- alpha-2 receptor
Answer pancreas moderates insulin secretion, nerve membranes decrease release of NE
- beta-1
- / 3