(NUR 310) Respiratory Exam Questions with Correct Answers a respiratory assessment is completed ______ in a hospital setting - Correct Answer at least once every eight hours upper airways - Correct Answer nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx lower airways - Correct Answer trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli lobes in the lung - Correct Answer 3 right, 2 left increased CO2 in blood - Correct Answer hypercapnia preliminary assessment - Correct Answer -position and work of breathing -level of consciousness -signs of hypoxia -respiratory rate -pulse oximetry leaning forward with arms braced against their knees, chair, or bed to give them leverage allowing abdominal, intercostal, and neck muscles aid in expiration (COPD) - Correct Answer tripod position accessory muscles for breathing - Correct Answer sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, abdominal muscles "eupnea" - Correct Answer 12-20 bpm (normal) normal pulse oximetry - Correct Answer 95-100%
(posterior and lateral chest):
inspection - Correct Answer -slope of ribs -bilateral chest wall expansion -chest wall abnormalities 1 / 2
slope of ribs - Correct Answer -normal: 45° (oblique)
-horizontal slope: emphysema
bilateral chest wall expansion - Correct Answer -normal: equal
-unequal: thoracic trauma (rib fracture, collapsed lung/pneumothorax), pneumonia, inflammation of pleura
chest wall abnormality:
rounded appearance, horizontal ribs, slight kyphosis, prominent sternal angle, appears in constant inspiration (chronic emphysema or asthma) - Correct Answer barrel chest
chest wall abnormality:
exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spine, hyperextension of head to see, seen in elderly women, t-rex - Correct Answer kyphosis (humpback)
chest wall abnormality:
lateral S-shaped curvature of thoracic and lumbar spine (assess by having patient bend over to the floor and compare sides of rib cage) - Correct Answer scoliosis
chest wall abnormality:
an exaggerated inward curvature of the spine - Correct Answer lordosis (swayback)
chest wall abnormality:
sunken sternum and adjacent cartilages - Correct Answer pectus excavatum (funnel chest)
chest wall abnormality:
forward protrusion of sternum with ribs slopping back and vertical depressions along costochondral junctions - Correct Answer pectus carinatum (pigeon chest)
(posterior and lateral chest):
palpations - Correct Answer -tenderness, masses, sinus tracts, crepitus -symmetric respiratory excursion
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