NUR 325 Exam 5
- What is the ultimate end result of glucose metabolism?
Answer cellular use of glucose for energy synthesis
- Define euglycemia.
Answer normal blood glucose levels; BG 70-140mg/dL
- Define hypoglycemia.
Answer State of insufficient or low blood glucose levels; BG
<70mg/dL (severe <50mg/dL)
- List signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Answer reduced cognition, tremors, di- aphoresis, weakness, hunger, headache, irritability, seizure; "cold and clammy"
- Define hyperglycemia.
Answer state of elevated blood glucose levels; BG>100mg/dL when fasting or >140mg/dL when not fasting
- List signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia.
Answer polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, fatigue, fruity odor to breath, kussmaul respirations, weight loss, hunger, poor wound healing
- List 3 things that can cause hyperglycemia 1 / 2
Answer
- insufficient insulin production or secretion
- excessive counterregulatory hormone secretion
- deficient hormone signaling
- Hypoglycemia typically occurs as a result of...?
- insufficient nutritional intake
Answer
-adverse reaction to medications
- excessive exercise
- often a combination of factors
- Which hormone lowers glucose levels?
Answer insulin
- What are two counterregulatory hormones that raise glucose?
Answer glucagon and cortisol
- What are long-term consequences of hyperglycemia?
Answer End-organ disease due to microvascular damage
- Retinopathy
- Nephropathy
- Peripheral neuropathy
Macrovascular angiopathy
- Hypertension
- Cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease
- What are consequences of hypoglycemia?
- / 2