NUR 325 Final 1
- The degree of stretch at the end of diastole (how much blood is in the ventricles) is known
as
Answer Preload
- An increase in fluids will preload, and a decrease in fluids will
preload
Answer An increase in fluids will increase preload, and a decrease in fluids will decrease preload
- The resistance to eject blood from the ventricles is known as
Answer Afterload
- Hypertension and vasoconstriction have what effect on Afterload?
Answer HTN and vasoconstriction will INCREASE afterload (increased afterload raises cardiac workload as well)
- How effectively the heart can squeeze out blood is also known as
Answer Contrac- tility
- How are preload and contractility related?
Answer Optimal filling allows for maximum stretching
- What could the nurse give a patient to increase their contractility? 1 / 4
Answer Epineph- rine, Digoxin, Dopamine
- What could the nurse give a patient to decrease their contractility?
Answer -
Beta-blocker (the "lol" meds)
- What are the life-threatening dysrhythmias?
Answer V Tach, V Fib, and Asystole
- What is the first thing the nurse should do if they see a life threatening rhythm on a
patient's EKG?
Answer Assess the patient (Did a lead fall off? Does the patient show signs of decreased CO? Are they responsive? Pulses?)
- The patient is in V Tach but has a pulse, how can we treat this?
Answer We give amiodarone and use cardioversion (because they have a pulse)
- The patient is in V Tach but does NOT have a pulse, how do we treat this?
Answer CPR and Defibrillation
- The patient is in V Fib, what do we do?
Answer CPR/ACLS, Defibrillate, Drug therapy
- What drugs can we give to a patient in V Fib?
Answer 2 / 4
Epinephrine, Amiodarone
- I can defibrillate the patient if they have what dysrhythmias?
Answer Pulseless V Tach, and V Fib
- The patient is a candidate for Synchronized Cardioversion if they have what dysrhythmias?
Answer V Tach (WITH A PULSE), SVT, A Fib, and A Flutter
- The patient is asystolic, what do you do?
Answer CPR/ACLS, drug therapy, intubate
- What drugs do we give if the patient is in asystole?
Answer Epinephrine and/or vasopressin
- The patient shows activity on their EKG but has no pulse, this is known as
Answer Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
- The patient has a normal heart rate, but the PR interval is longer than normal. What
dysrhythmia do you suspect the patient has?
Answer 1st Degree AV Block
- You notice a gradual lengthening in the patient's PR intervals and a miss- ing QRS wave.
What dysrhythmia do you suspect the patient has?
Answer 2nd Degree AV Block Type 1 3 / 4
(Mobitz I // Wenckebach)
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- The patient has constant elongated PR intervals and P waves at a regular rate, but missing
QRS complexes. What dysrhythmia do you suspect?
Answer 2nd Degree AV Block Type 2
(Mobitz II)
- You notice the patient has consistent P waves and QRS complexes, but the rates between the
two are different (Some P waves do not have a QRS after).
What dysrhythmia do you suspect?
Answer 3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
- The main cause of CAD, characterized by fat deposits in the arteries
Answer Atherosclerosis
- What are some modifiable risk factors for CAD?
Answer Lipid levels, HTN, smoking, obesity, inactivity
- This cholesterol transports lipids to the liver for removal, known as the "good cholesterol"
Answer High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
- This cholesterol transports lipids to the arterial vessels, known as the "bad cholesterol"
Answer Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
- A serum cholesterol of indicates a risk factor for CAD
Answer
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