NUR 325 Final 2
- Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor to prevent what?
Answer CVD
- As BP increases so does the risk for
Answer MI heart failure
stroke renal disease retinopathy
- Blood pressure formula
Answer (cardiac output) x (vascular resistance)
- Risk factors for hypertension
Answer Age Alcohol use
Tobacco use Diabetes Elevated serum lipids Excess dietary sodium Gender Family history Obesity Ethnicity Sedentary lifestyle Socioeconomic status Stress
- True or false
hypertension is asymptomatic until severe
Answer true
- symptoms of severe hypertension 1 / 4
Answer fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, dys- pnea
- consequences of hypertension
heart
Answer CAD, atherosclerosis Left ventricular hypertrophy
HF
- consequences of hypertension
Answer brain
TIA/stroke, atherosclerosis hypertensive encephalopathy
- client teachings for hypertension
Answer take meds as prescribed, even if asympto- matic
BP/HR before each dose monitor daily weight discuss targets do not abruptly d/c consult physician for OTC drugs (cold meds, decongestants, appetite suppressants, NSAIDS) continue lifestyle modifications 2 / 4
- provider management for hypertension
Answer start at a low dose, gradually in- crease
try to decrease dose/number of drugs after 1 year
- lifestyle modifications for HTN
Answer weight reduction sodium restriction (<2300 mg/day)
DASH diet (fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, nuts, fish, poultry) alcohol restriction 30 mins of exercise 5 days a week smoking cessation
- normal blood pressure
Answer < 120
<80
- elevated blood pressure
Answer
120-129
<80
- HTN stage 1
Answer
130-139
80-89
- HTN stage 2 3 / 4
Answer >140
>90
- parameter goals for HTN
Answer <130
<80
- what contributes to BP?
Answer CO volume
peripheral resistance
- what can we control for BP?
Answer volume (RAAS) vasoconstriction (SNS response)
- what happens when GFR drops?
Answer kidneys trigger aldosterone secretion Na, Cl, H2O retention
- ACE inhibitors and ARBs
Answer therapeutic use
Answer
HTN HF
MI diabetic nephropathy
- / 4