NUR 339 Exam 1
- What are the 3 brain structures responsible for maintaining homeostasis?-
Answer medulla oblongata, pituitary gland, and the reticular formation
- What does the medulla oblongata control?
Answer circulation and respiration
- What does the pituitary gland do?
Answer controls functions of other endocrine glands which regulate growth, reproduction, and maturation
- What does the reticular formation regulate?
Answer vital reflexes and CV and respi- ratory function
- What are the 3 components of feedback mechanisms?
- How do negative feedback mechanisms work?
Answer sensor mechanism control center effector mechanism
Answer when a function is increased or decreased feedback causes opposite action and stops action when function returns to normal
- How do positive feedback mechanisms work?
Answer They exaggerate the original response; proceed in the same direction as the initial disturbance 1 / 3
- 3 stages of Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome
- Alarm
Answer
- Resistance
- Exhaustion
- What chemicals are released during the alarm stage to initiate the fight or flight response?
Answer catacholamines and cortisol
- What are the two catecholamines?
Answer epinephrine and norepinephrine
- Where is cortisol released from? What is the role of cortisol?
Answer adrenal gland increase blood glucose levels
- What occurs during the resistance stage of adaptation?
Answer body selects most efficient and effective channel of defense, responds to stressor, and attempts to return to homeostasis
- What happens during the exhaustion/recovery stage of adaptation?
Answer body either recovers and returns to homeostasis or becomes exhausted by prolonged stressor
- What are some adaptive responses to stress?
Answer blood sugar control, fluid balance, and temperature control
- what are some maladaptive responses to stress?
Answer 2 / 3
ulcers, hypertension, shingles, depression, anxiety, headache, and insomnia
- What is the cerebral cortex role in the stress response?
Answer vigilance, focus, awareness, and cognition
- what is the limbic system responsible for during the stress response?
Answer -
emotions (fear, rage, excitement)
- What is the thalamus responsible for during the stress response?
Answer relay center
- What is the reticular activating system responsible for during the stress response?
Answer modulates alertness, ANS activity, skeletal muscle tone
- What is the hypothalamus responsible for during the stress response?
Answer -
controls and coordinates ANS and endocrine response
- What two components regulate the SNS response?
Answer the hypothalamus and locus coeruleus
- In the HPA axis what does the hypothalamus secrete? What does it cause the release of?
- / 3
Answer Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) causes the pituitary to release adrenocorticotropic