NUR 339 Exam 3
- What is the role of gastric secretions?
Answer protection of pyloric mucosa
- What do pyloric glands secrete?
Answer mucus and gastrin
- What is the gastric mucosal barrier?
Answer tight junction in epithelial cell to prevent acid penetration, covered with hydrophobic lipid layer
- What 2 things can cross the hydrophobic lipid layer?
Answer alcohol and aspirin
- What does the pancreas secrete to aid in digestion?
Answer trypsin (breakdown dietary proteins)
pancreatic amylase (breaks down starch/lipases/triglycerides)
- How does the gallbladder aid in digestion?
Answer stores and concentrates bile (breaks down fats)
secretes bile through bile duct into duodenum (stimulated by entrance of food)
- what is bile essential for?
Answer fat digestion and absorption (emulsifies) 1 / 3
- what is the most common disorder of the esophagus?
Answer GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
- what is the cause of GERD?
Answer weak lower esophageal sphincter and increased intraabdominal pressure
- manifestations of GERD
Answer regurgitation (especially after meals) heartburn
pain or burning in retrosternal area (may radiate to shoulder or back) wheezing, cough, hoarseness
- What medications are used to treat GERD?
- How is GERD diagnosed?
Answer antacids H2 blocking agents Proton pump inhibitors
Answer hx of symptoms, xrays and scopes
- GERD patient teaching
Answer avoid large meals do not lie down after eating
avoid bending weight reduction avoid aggravating foods sleep with head elevated
- clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
Answer burning, gnawing, cramplike pain in epigastric area (can radiate to back or shoulder) 2 / 3
pain relieved with foods or antacids
- complications of PUD
Answer hemorrhage, perforation, hematemesis, melena (black tarry stools - blood from upper GI tract)
- diagnostic tests for PUD
Answer scopes and biopsy for H. pylori, barium, xrays, labs of hematocrit and hemoglobin
- treatment for PUD
Answer complete eradication of microorganisms (H. pylori) medications
Answer PPI/H2RA/bismuth preparation
- Risk factors for gastric ulcers
Answer stress, trauma, severe illness, NSAID ingestion,
- pylori, older adults over 60, smoking, warfarin, corticosteroids, family hx, caffeine, blood type
O (h. pylori attachment)
- what type of ulcers are most common with PUD?
Answer duodenal ulcers
- Risk for duodenal ulcers
Answer NSAID ingestion, H. pylori, any age/gender, chronic in nature, smoking
- Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- / 3