NUR 339 Exam 3 Patho
- intracellular fluid (ICF)
Answer majority of the fluids
- extracellular fluids ECF
Answer interstitial- around cells, intravascular/plasma- circulat- ing fluids, transcellular- other fluids- spinal, digestive
- total body water
Answer 60% body weight, ICF 40%, ECF 20%
- fluid and solute movement basic principles
Answer separated by semipermeable membranes, some allowed to pass freely, larger compounds restricted
- pressure gradient
Answer between 2 sides of membrane causes the fluids and particles to move
- high to low concentration
Answer diffusion- movement of particles, osmosis- move- ment of water- passive, does not require energy
- low to high concentration
Answer active transport, requires energy for movement to occur
- osmolarity 1 / 3
Answer number of milliosmoles of solute per 1 kg of water 280-295
- tonicity
Answer ability of solutes to cause an osmotic gradient that promotes water movement- salt concentration
- tonicity determined by
Answer how it compares to normal blood concentration
- tonicity types
Answer isotonic- equal to blood, hypertonic- concentrated blood hypo- tonic- dilute blood concentration
- isotonic
Answer concentration btwn solute and water balanced, no net movement btwn ICF and ECF, no change in cells
- hypotonic
Answer ECF less concentrated, dilute vascular space with concentration of solutes in the cells, net movement from ECF> ICF, cell size increases due to fluid incerease
- hypertonic solution
Answer ECF more concentrated, pulls fluid from cells to blood, ICF> ECF, cell size shrinks
- capillary hydrostatic pressure
Answer pressure exerted by fluids against bld vessel walls- reflects BP, pressure is higher at arterial end, lower at venous 2 / 3
- filtration
Answer movement of fluid from hi pressure to low, hi arterial pressure pushes fluids out of capillary to ICF, fluids reabsorbed in lower pressure venous system with osmotic pressure
- hydrostatic pressure pushes
Answer fluids out to ICF
- osmotic pressure pulls
Answer fluids into ECF
- colloid oncotic pressure
Answer osmotic pressure from albumin, contributes to os- motic pressure in venous end
- fluid intake
Answer primary thru diet
- fluid loss
Answer through kidneys, lungs, skin, GI
- conditions that affect TBW (total body water)
Answer V D, dehydration, renal func- tion, HF, burns, meds
- evaluating fluid status
- / 3
Answer I&O, serum osmolarity, urine specific gravity, Hgb/Hct