NUR 406 EXAM 3
- amenorrhea
primary no menses before age 16 secondary abnormal absence of menstruation for > 3 months
- climacteric
The period of endocrinal, somatic, and transitory psychological changes occurring in 1the transition to menopause.
- Condyloma
a raised growth on the skin resembling a wart, typically in the genital region, caused by viral infection or syphilis and transmissible by contact.
- Cryotherapy
a technique that uses an extremely cold liquid or instrument to freeze and destroy abnormal skin cells that require removal
- Cystocele
is a medical condition that occurs when the tough fibrous wall be- tween a woman's bladder and her vagina (the pubocervical fascia) is torn by childbirth, allowing the bladder to herniate into the vagina
- dysmenorrhea
pain with menstruation primary 1 / 4
no underlying disease, d/t prostaglandins F anf F, treat with OCPs, NSAIDs, exercise, rest, heat, good nutrition
secondary
reproductive tract pathology, secondary to PID, endometriosis, anatomic anaomalies
- dysplasia
an abnormality of development; in pathology, alteration in size, shape, and organization of adult cells
- Dyspareunia
painful intercourse; persistent or recurrent genital pain that occurs just before, during or after intercourse.
- menarche
Establishment of the menstrual function; the time of the first menstrual period.
- menorrhagia
abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding.
- Rectocele
Bulging of the front wall of the rectum into the vagina.
- osteoporosis
occurs when the amount of calcium present in the bones slowly dereases to a point where the bones become brittle and prone to fracture. Over time, bone mass, and therefore bone strength, is decreased. menopause accelerates bone loss 2 / 4
- metrorrhagia
Uterine bleeding at irregular intervals, particularly between the expected menstrual periods.
- chances of getting breast cancer
- in 8
- ductal cancer
malignant cells grow along the ducts or thin tubes connecting the lobes of the breast to the nipple
- lobular cancer
the cancer cells develop within the lobules of the milk-secreting glands at the end of the ducts
- risk factors for breast cancer
family hx (biggest risk), age, history of benign breast cancer, starting menstruation before age 12, going through menopause late (after age 55), never giving birth, first pregnancy after age 30, possibly alcohol consumption and a high-fat diet
- warning signs and symptoms of breast cancer
a lump or thickening in the breast or armpit, any flattening or indentation of the skin of the breast, any puckering, pitting, or dimpling of the breast, any change in the position, size, or color of the breast, clear or bloody discharge from a nipple, a retracted nipple, redness of the breast skin
- breast self-exams
should be performed once a month about one week after menstruation because the hormones are the lowest 3 / 4
- mammograms
detect tumors before they are detectable by a physical exam baseline should be performed between ages 35-40, after age 40 it is done once every 1-2 years, after age 50 should be done once a year; if younger than 40 with a family hx, may want a mammogram sooner than age 40
- reduce the risk of breast cancer
eating a low fat diet exercise
breast-feeding for more than 4 months
- lumpectomy
treatment of breast cancer
go in and remove the tumor followed by radiation
- simple mastectomy
treatment of breast cancer removal of breast that contained the tumor
- modified radical mastectomy
treatment of breast cancer
remove breast tissue, skin, fascia of pectoral muscle, dissection of axillary nodes
- radical mastectomy
remove breast tissue, pectoral muscle, axillary node dis- section
- breast cancer postop treatment
radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, tamoxifen (estrogen angonist given to women who
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