NUR 4445 Childhood Cancers
- childhood cancer survival rate is %
Answer 80
- etiology and pathophysiology
- stimuli
-immune system and gene abnormalities
- abnormalities
Answer external, chromosomal
3.
Answer chemicals in the environment (carcinogens) combined with an individuals makeup external stimuli
- immune and gene abnormalities
- that alter the immune system
-those w immune system deficiencies
-an inherited abnormal gene
Answer viruses,
- chromosomal abnormalities
-having an altered makes individuals prone to some cancers
Answer dna
- cardinal symptoms of cancer in children 1 / 3
-unusual mass or swelling -unexplained or loss of energy -sudden tendency to
-persistent, localized pain or limping -prolonged, unexplained or illness
-frequent headaches, often with -sudden eye or vision changes
-excessive, rapid loss
Answer paleness, bruise, fever, vomiting, weight
- diagnostic tests used
- , incisional, exicisional biopsies
-serologies -radiologic -CT or CAT -MRI -bone biopsy -lumbar puncture
-cytogenetic analysis, immuniohistopathyology -flow cytometry -PET
-bone scane
Answer marrow, needle
- normal ANC >
Answer 1000
- neutropenic -
Answer
500, 1000
- severe neutropenia < 500 2 / 3
- treatment
-depends on type, location, and
-often treatments are combined
-goals
Answer curative, supportive, or preparing for EOL
-side effects must be managed
-children be managed at a cancer center with pediatric expertise
Answer -
stage, must, multidisciplinary
- treatment surgery
- the cancer or stage
-removing the tumor
-decreasing the of the tumor
Answer diagnosis, size
- treatment chemotherapy
-drug that kills the abnormal cells, and ones too -can be oral, iv or -many adverse effects -ANC must be monitored
-chemo may be held if ANC is <
Answer normal, intrathecal, 750
- treatment radiation
- / 3
-unstable isotopes that release to destroy cells -often used for local and regional control of cancer -tumor site plus the lymph glands