NUR 4445 Exam 2 - labor at term; cephalic (head), breech (buttock...

NUR 4445 Exam 2

• presentation

Answer the part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor at term; cephalic (head), breech (buttocks, feet, or both first) and shoulder

• lie

Answer the relation of the long axis (spine) of the fetus to the long axis (spine) of the mother; two primary ones are longitude (vertical) and transverse/horizontal/oblique

• attitude

Answer the relation of the fetal body parts to one another (characteristic posture)

• position

Answer the relationship of a reference point on the presenting part (occiput, sacrum, chin, or sinciput) to the four quadrants of the mother's pelvis

• Leopold maneuver feelings

Answer see picture

• dilation

Answer the enlargement or widening of the cervical opening and the cervical canal that normally occurs 1 / 2

once labor has begun

• effacement

Answer the shortening and thinning of the cervix during the first stage of labor

• station

Answer the relationship of the presenting fetal part to an imaginary line drawn between the maternal ischial spines and is a measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal

• first stage vs seconds stage of labor

Answer -first stage is much longer than the second or third combined;

-first stage of labor begins with the onset of regular uterine contractions and ends with complete cervical effacement and dilation;

• second stage starts with 10cm dilation & 3+ station and ends with the delivery of the baby

NULLIPAROUS WOMAN

2+ hrs (no anesthesia), 3+hrs (w/anesthesia) MULTIPAROUS WOMAN

1hr (no anesthesia), 2hrs (w/anesthesia)

-third stage is the delivery of the placenta and is typically one hour after the birth of the baby

• the 5 P's

Answer -passengers (fetus and placenta),

-passageway (birth canal),

• powers (contractions),

-position of the mother,

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