NUR 4445 Hematologic System
- Iron-deficiency anemia etiology
Answer Most common anemia in children Most common nutritional deficiency in children Cognitive & motor deficits are risk All screened at 9-12 months -Annually after 12 months -If suspicion
- those at risk for Iron-deficiency anemia
Answer Premature infants Infants fed formula that is not iron fortified
Infants exclusively breastfed > 4 months -17 oz of formula per day = no supplement needed -1 mg/kg/day PO Ferrous Sulfate or Poly-Vi-Sol Teenage girls
- Iron-deficiency anemia prevention
Answer Red meat, shellfish, grains, quinoa, dark leafy greens, poultry, dried fruits, egg yolks, broccoli, legumes/lentils
Vitamin C - helps body absorb iron more effectively
- Iron-deficiency anemia treatment
Answer Ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron divided bid
-Give on an empty stomach with citrus 1 / 2
-Use a straw to prevent staining of teeth -Side effects
nausea, constipation, green, tarry stools, GI upset, vomiting, staining teeth
Treat for 3-6 months -Recheck hgb about 6 weeks after treatment is started
- Sickle cell disease definition
Answer Autosomal recessive disorder
- Sickle cell disease patho
Answer Abnormal sickle Hgb S (hgbS) replaces normal adult Hgb (HgbA)
Sickled cells are irregular in shape, stiff, & die after only 10-20 days Anemia due to lower number of RBC & increased destruction
- Sickle cell disease patho of complications
Answer Triggers such as stress, infection, dehydration can cause sickling
Once sickled, RBCs cause tissue ischemia & infarction, result in pain Eventually can cause damage to tissues and organs.Functional asplenia due to spleen being clogged with sickled cells.
- Sickle cell disease diagnosis
Answer CVS or amniocentesis is possible prenatally
Newborn screening at birth - false positive if high fetal Hgb at birth Hemoglobin electrophoresis
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