NUR 4445 Hematology Immune System

NUR 4445 Hematology & Immune System

• What is anemia?

Answer A reduction in hemoglobin two standard deviations below the mean, based on age-specific norms

• What is a PC of iron deficiency anemia? When do we start screening for this?

Answer

• most common anemia in children

• Cognitive & motor deficits are risk
• All screened at 9-12 months
• Annually after 12 months if suspicion

• What children are at risk for iron deficiency anemia (4)?

Answer •Premature infants

• Infants fed formula that is not iron fortified • Infants exclusively breastfed > 4 months • Teenage girls

• What are some iron rich foods (12)?

Answer

• dried fruits/legumes

• nuts
• green leafy veggies
• iron fortified breads/flour
• poultry
• red meat
• quinoa
• egg yolk
• broccoli
• grains 1 / 2

• shellfish
• Vitamin C helps the body absorb iron more efficiently so things like kiwi, oranges, lemon,

strawberries, bell pepper, tomatoes.

• What med do we give for iron deficiency anemia? How should a patient take this med? How

long do we give it for and how do we evaluate effectiveness of treatment?

Answer •Ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron divided bid

• Give on an empty stomach with citrus
• Use a straw to prevent staining of teeth

• Treat for 3-6 months

• Recheck hgb about 6 weeks after treatment is started

• What are the side effects of ferrous sulfate (6)?

Answer

• nausea

• constipation
• green, tarry stools
• GI upset
• vomiting
• staining teeth

• How much iron should we give girls & boys 9-13 years with iron deficiency anemia?

Answer

• mg iron/day

• How do we treat iron deficiency anemia in boys 14-18 years 19-21 years?

Answer

• for adolescents, increase iron to make myoglobin for expanding muscle mass

• Expansion of blood volume requires more hgb

• Ages 14-18 years
• / 2