NUR 631 Final Study Guide

NUR 631 Final Study Guide

• DNA formation occurs in which of the cell's structures?
• nucleus
• cytoplasm
• organelle
• membrane

Answer

• nucleus

• A health professions student asks the professor to explain apoptosis.What response is most

accurate?

• programmed cell death
• due to chemical injury
• unpredictable patterns of cell death
• results in benign malignancies

Answer

• programmed cell death

• Where is most of the cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA contained?
• mitochondria
• ribosome
• nucleolus
• lysosome

Answer

• nucleolus

• A student asks why carbon monoxide causes tissue damage. What response by the

professor is best?

• competes with carbon dioxide so that it cannot be excreted
• binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot carry oxygen
• destroys the chemical bonds of hemoglobin so it cannot carry oxygen
• removes iron from hemoglobin so it cannot carry oxygen 1 / 3

Answer

• binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot carry oxygen

• A patient's blood gases reveal the following finding

Answer pH 7.3, bicarbonate (HCO3) 27 mEq/L; carbon dioxide (CO2) 58 mmHg. What is the interpretation of these gases?

• respiratory alkalosis
• metabolic acidosis
• respiratory acidosis
• metabolic alkalosis

Answer

• respiratory acidosis

• Water movement between the intracellular fluid (ICF) and compartment and the extracellular

fluid (ECF) compartment is primarily a function of what?

• osmotic forces
• plasma oncotic pressure
• antidiuretic hormone
• hydrostatic forces

Answer

• osmotic forces

• What does vomiting-induced metabolic alkalosis cause?
• retained sodium to bind with the chloride
• hydrogen to move into the cell and exchange with potassium
• retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance
• hypoventilation to compensate for the metabolic alkalosis

Answer

• retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance

• An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is present?
• cytochrome P-450 2 / 3

• alpha fetoprotein
• DNA polymerase
• embryonic proteins

Answer

• alpha fetoprotein

• A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first

chromosome. What findings does the professional relate to this condition?

• widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair
• an IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears
• high-pitched voice, tall stature, gynecomastia, and an IQ of 60 to 90
• circumoral cyanosis, edema of the feet, short stature, mental slowness

Answer

• an IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears

• A parent wants to know how to prevent type 1 diabetes in the newborn. The

healthcare professional explains that prevention is not possible, because of which of these major characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

• partial insulin secretion
• an autoimmune cause factor
• insulin resistance
• obesity is a common risk factor

Answer

• an autoimmune cause factor

• What genes are responsible for the maintenance of all cells referred to as?
• universal
• managerial
• housekeeping
• executive

Answer

• housekeeping

• Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing be- cause of which
• / 3