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NUR 810 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
When is the most common time to get a shunt infection? - ANSWER - In the first few months after placement or after a revision
When is the most common time to experience shunt malfunction? - ANSWER - More common later on
When should you evaluate a shunt? - ANSWER - When the H&P suggests malfunction or infection
Diagnostics with shunt malfunction - ANSWER - -Pumping of reservoir (risk for obstruction and not commonly performed) -Shunt series (Series of x-rays that follow the course of the shunt from the skull to the distal end looking for dislodgment) -CT or MRI to look at ventricle size (most common)
Diagnostics for shunt infection - ANSWER - -Testing of fluid from the shunt -Watch for pleocytosis on CSF fluid -CSF sent for cell count, glucose, protein, gram stain -Blood cultures 1 / 4
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pg. 2 What would indicate a probable shunt infection in regard to your WBCs in CSF? - ANSWER - -If you have pleocytosis of > 50 on your cell count and you have isolation of bacteria with at least 1 S/S of shunt infection, this is enough for dx -If there is > 100 on your cell count, then there is a 96% specificity for infection
How do you treat a shunt infection? - ANSWER - Empiric coverage with Vanco and cefepime OR Vanco and meropenem
Management of shunt infection - ANSWER - ABX Repeat CSF culture until negative Consider shunt removal and temporary external ventricular device until they have negative cultures
How many different patterns of pneumonia are there and what are they?
- ANSWER - 5 but she highlights 4
Lobar Bronchopneumonia Necrotizing Interstitial and peribronchilar
What pattern is lobar pneumonia and what is the most common cause? - ANSWER - Involvement of a single lobe or segment Most common type 2 / 4
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pg. 3 If not separated by age, it is most commonly caused by strep pneumo
What pattern is bronchopneumonia and what is the most common cause?
- ANSWER - Involvement of the smaller airways surrounding the
interstitium Strep pyogenes and staph aureus
Necrotizing pneumonia - ANSWER - Secondary to staph or strep infection
Interstitial and peribronchiolar - ANSWER - Atypical bacteria (mycoplasma) Viral
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in neonates (0-4 weeks)? - ANSWER - Group B strep E.coli Staph aureus HSV
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in infants (1 mos to 1 year)? - ANSWER - Chlamydia Pertussis Viral (RSV, influenza, metapneumovirus) Strep pneumo 3 / 4
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What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in children (3 mos to 5 years)? - ANSWER - RSV/viral Strep pneumo Mycoplasma
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in children > 5 y/o? - ANSWER - Mycoplasma (most common) Strep pneumo (second most common)
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in immunocompromised pts? - ANSWER - Staph aureus Gram negative bacilli Aspergillus CMV HSV
What is first line treatment for fully immunized pts with pneumonia? - ANSWER - Amoxicillin
What is treatment in school age to adolescent age pts with pneumonia? - ANSWER - Macrolide if you suspect an atypical cause
What is first line IV abx treatment for pneumonia in children who are fully immunized? - ANSWER - Ampicillin or Pen G
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