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NURS 2356 EXAM 2 LATEST 2024 -2025 COMPLETE 275
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS/ GRADED A+
what is anemia - Correct Answer - a condition in which levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin are lower than normal
- types of anemia - Correct Answer - Iron deficiency
lead poisoning sickle cell B-thalassemia
Define iron deficiency anemia - Correct Answer - reduction in the iron stores of the body causing an inadequate production of hemoglobin
What is iron needed for? - Correct Answer - to make hgb
signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia - Correct Answer - pallor tachycardia tachypnea lethargy fatigue irritability
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pg. 2 Why are neonates at risk for iron deficiency anemia? - Correct Answer - - lack the maternal iron stores -Full term infants have maternal iron stores until approximately 6 months of age -Haven’t had the time in utero to store up the needed iron supply (preterm)
How can you treat a neonate with iron deficiency anemia? - Correct Answer
- Iron fortified formula
What are risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in infants and children? - Correct Answer - 1. inadequate iron intake 2.Malabsorption of iron in GI tract 3.Chronic blood loss
Food with good sources of iron - Correct Answer - red meat, egg yolk, leafy greens, dried fruits, fortified cereals/formulas, beef, chicken, fish, beans, nuts, seeds, peanut butter, eggs, prunes, whole grain bread
How is iron deficiency anemia diagnosed? - Correct Answer - Serum lab
evaluation:
-Red blood cell count = microcytic (small) and hypo chronic (pale in color) -low hemoglobin -low hematocrit -low reticulocyte count -low serum iron concentration -high total iron binding capacity
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pg. 3 What is the goal of treatment for iron deficiency anemia - Correct Answer - treat medical problem causing malabsorption or blood loss/ identify cause
What is the treatment method for iron deficiency anemia? - Correct Answer
- Increase iron take
~ Dietary sources ~Medication supplement (ferrosol or ferrous sulfate)
What should nurse and parents know about administering iron to children?
- Correct Answer - -Administer to back of mouth because it stains teeth,
can cause constipation, and black/green stool -Give with orange juice or citric acid to help with absorption -Do not give with milk or antacids -Give on empty stomach unless GI distress
Lead Poisoning Risks - Correct Answer - -Children under the age of 6 -Children living at or below the poverty line who live in older (prior to 1978) housing -Children adopted from other countries where there are less strict environmental regulations
Environmental causes of lead poisoning - Correct Answer - -Lead based paint -Plumbing from lead pipes -soil
Dietary factors of lead poisoning - Correct Answer - -iron deficiency -calcium deficiency 3 / 4
pg. 4 Patient-child interactions - Correct Answer - -Job or hobby exposure -home remedies or cultural practices
How does lead poisoning cause anemia - Correct Answer - lead can replace iron on Hgb causing O2 to not be delivered causing anemia
Clinical manifestation of lead poisoning - Correct Answer - -Asymptomatic -Signs of anemia -Growth and developmental lags -Behavioral changes -Neurologic changes -Gastrointestinal changes
can someone be asymptomatic if they have lead poisoning - Correct Answer - yes
signs of anemia (lead poisoning) - Correct Answer - pallor, fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, headache, tachycardia - because lead replaces iron in Hgb causing anemia
Growth and developmental lags in lead poisoning - Correct Answer - learning difficulties
Neurologic signs and symptoms of lead poisoning - Correct Answer - - Headache, irritability, difficulty concentrating, loss of motor skills, paralysis, tremors
High levels: encephalopathy, seizures, and brain damage
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