pg. 1 NURS 260 Patho Exam 1/ 2024 Edition. Real Test Questions & Answers.
Prepare for Patho Exam 1 with our 2024 Edition, featuring real test questions and detailed answers. This guide is crafted to provide you with authentic exam content, ensuring you practice with questions that reflect what you'll encounter. It includes answers to help you understand key concepts.
Which of the following is a variation in DNA sequencing that occurs when a single nucleotide (A, T, C, or
- in a genome is substituted with another nucleotide?
A Inversion B Translocation C Frameshift
D Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) - ANSWER - Answer: D
When there is a change in one nucleotide in a gene sequence. (p. 32)
Which of the following carries the genetic information for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosomes?A tRNA B codons C mRNA
D DNA - ANSWER - Answer: C
Protein is synthesized in a two-step process known as transcription (in the nucleus), and then translation in the ribosome by mRNA (messenger RNA) (p. 7-8).
- / 3
pg. 2 A 13-year-old female has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. Her features include a short stature, lack of breast development, and a webbed neck. What is her diagnosis?A Fragile X Syndrome B Down Syndrome C Turner Syndrome
D Klinefelter Syndrome - ANSWER - Answer: C
These are the characteristics of Turner syndrome. It affects females, instead of 46 chromosomes there are 45, only one X chromosome, designated as 45X. (p. 35)
Which of the following refers to the recognizable traits, physical or biochemical, associated with a specific genotype?A Phenotype B Alleles C Expressivity
D Polymorphism - ANSWER - Answer: A
Phenotype is the actual physical or somatic expression of the genotype (p. 30)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is associated with what type of cancer?A Prostate Cancer B Cervical Cancer C Gastric Adenocarcinoma
D Colon Cancer - ANSWER - Answer: B
Rationale: The risk for cervical cancer include; smoking, history of STD, HPV virus, 2 or more lifetime sexual partners, or immunosuppression. (p. 960)
A patient's pathology report states that the tumor tissue is encapsulated and there is no damage to the surrounding tissue. The patient's pathology is most characteristic of which of the following?A Neoplastic tumor B Benign tumor C Metastasis 2 / 3
pg. 3
D Malignant tumor - ANSWER - Answer: B
From the TNM classification system a tumor that is encapsulated is a carcinoma in situ. Benign tumors do not cause damage to surrounding tissue. (p. 950)
Which of the following is true of epigenetics? Select all that apply.A Epigenetics is influenced by foods we eat, smoking, and exposure to chemicals or stress.B Epigenetic changes to the egg or sperm can be transmitted to multiple generations.C Epigenetics is the result of signaling from the fetal environment.D Epigenetics is permanent.
E Epigenetics manifests only as disease. - ANSWER - Answer: A, B, and C
Epigenetics can be affected by our environment; it is a change in the phenotype without a change in the genotype. This affects how cells read the genes. (Video - Epigenetics and the Future of our Genes)
Which disease is triggered by a combination of multiple genes and environment?A Multifactorial B Epigenetic C Single nucleotide polymorphism
D Mendelian - ANSWER - Answer: A
The individual will inherit one or more genes that predispose them to the disorder; an environmental trigger contributes to the development of the disorder. (p. 32)
Type 2 diabetes is an example of which of the following?A Mitochondrial disorder B Multifactorial disorder C Single nucleotide polymorphism
D Autosomal recessive disorder - ANSWER - Answer: B
The individual will inherit one or more genes that predispose them to the disorder; an environmental trigger contributes to the development of the disorder. (p. 32)
- / 3