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NURS 265 TEST 4 RENAL LATEST 2025
ACTUAL EXAM| COMPLETE 200 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWER S (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
Which cause of hypertension is the most common in acute renal failure?Pulmonary edema Hypervolemia Hypovolemia Anemia - ANSWER - Hypervolemia Acute renal failure causes hypervolemia as a result of overexpansion of extracellular fluid and plasma volume with the hypersecretion of renin. Therefore, hypervolemia causes hypertension.
A patient with diabetes has had many renal calculi over the past 20 years and now has chronic renal failure. Which substance must be reduced in this patient's diet?Carbohydrates Fats Protein Vitamin C - ANSWER - Protein Because of damage to the nephrons, the kidney can't excrete all the metabolic wastes of protein, so this patient's protein intake must be restricted. A higher intake of carbs, fats, and vitamin supplements is needed to ensure the growth and maintenance of the patient's tissues.
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pg. 2 A patient diagnosed with sepsis from a UTI is being discharged. What do you plan to include in her discharge teaching?Take cool baths Avoid tampon use Avoid sexual activity Drink 8 to 10 eight-oz glasses of water daily - ANSWER - Drink 8 to 10 eight-oz glasses of water daily Drinking 2-3L of water daily inhibits bacterial growth in the bladder and helps flush the bacteria from the bladder. The patient should be instructed to void after sexual activity.
What is the appropriate infusion time for the dialysate in your 38 y.o. patient with chronic renal failure?15 minutes 30 minutes
- hour
- to 3 hours - ANSWER - 15 minutes
Dialysate should be infused quickly. The dialysate should be infused over 15 minutes or less when performing peritoneal dialysis. The fluid exchange takes place over a period ranging from 30 minutes to several hours.
You expect a patient in the oliguric phase of renal failure to have a 24 hour urine
output less than:
200ml 400ml 800ml - ANSWER - 400ml Oliguria is defined as urine output of less than 400ml/24hours
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pg. 3 What is the best way to check for patency of the arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis?Pinch the fistula and note the speed of filling on release Use a needle and syringe to aspirate blood from the fistula Check for capillary refill of the nail beds on that extremity Palpate the fistula throughout its length to assess for a thrill - ANSWER - Palpate the fistula throughout its length to assess for a thrill The vibration or thrill felt during palpation ensures that the fistula has the desired turbulent blood flow. Pinching the fistula could cause damage. Aspirating blood is a needless invasive procedure.
The most common early sign of kidney disease is:
Sodium retention Elevated BUN level Development of metabolic acidosis Inability to dilute or concentrate urine - ANSWER - Elevated BUN level Increased BUN is usually an early indicator of decreased renal function.
Your patient has complaints of severe right-sided flank pain, nausea, vomiting and restlessness. He appears slightly pale and is diaphoretic. Vital signs are BP 140/90 mmHg, Pulse 118 beats/min., respirations 33 breaths/minute, and temperature, 98.0F. Which subjective data supports a diagnosis of renal calculi?
Pain radiating to the right upper quadrant History of mild flu symptoms last week Dark-colored coffee-ground emesis Dark, scanty urine output - ANSWER - Dark, scanty urine output
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pg. 4 Patients with renal calculi commonly have blood in the urine caused by the stone's passage through the urinary tract. The urine appears dark, tests positive for blood, and is typically scant.
A patient with diabetes mellitus and renal failure begins hemodialysis. Which diet is best on days between dialysis treatments?Low-protein diet with unlimited amounts of water Low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water No protein in the diet and use of a salt substitute No restrictions - ANSWER - Low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water The patient should follow a low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water.The patient requires some protein to meet metabolic needs. Salt substitutes shouldn't be used without a doctor's order because it may contain potassium, which could make the patient hyperkalemic. Fluid and protein restrictions are needed.
You have a paraplegic patient with renal calculi. Which factor contributes to the development of calculi?Increased calcium loss from the bones Decreased kidney function Decreased calcium intake High fluid intake - ANSWER - Increased calcium loss from the bones Bones lose calcium when a patient can no longer bear weight. The calcium lost from bones form calculi, a concentration of mineral salts also known as a stone, in the renal system.
Polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is used in renal failure to:
Correct acidosis Reduce serum phosphate levels
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