NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025 HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - Correct Answer can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate 4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard" measures P24 antigen can test 10 days post exposure Mast cell - Correct Answer Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.Histamine - Correct Answer Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.Cytokines - Correct Answer Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more delayed.Leukotrines - Correct Answer Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.Prostaglandins - Correct Answer Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.Chemotactic factors - Correct Answer Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site of inflammation Neutrophils - Correct Answer Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of acute inflammation Monocytes - Correct Answer Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and B-cell immunity.Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF. 1 / 2
Cytokine IL1 function - Correct Answer Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a Cytokine IL6 function - Correct Answer Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs Cytokine TNF function - Correct Answer Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis Cytokine growth factor function - Correct Answer Promotes production and maturation of neutrophils Complement - Correct Answer Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.Kinin - Correct Answer Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.Coagulation cascade - Correct Answer Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.COX1 - Correct Answer Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection, platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance COX2 - Correct Answer Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - Correct Answer Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function , monitor labs.Arachidonic pathway purpose - Correct Answer Synthesis of prostaglandins
- / 2