MaryvilleUniversityPharmacology NURS-615Exam2 Aminoglycosidesblockproteinproductionandconsistofwhichantibiotics?-✔✔gentamicin,streptomycin,tobramycin Anti-depressantthatistobeusedwithcautionincardiacpatientsduetobehavinglikeclass1anti-arrythmics?- ✔✔TCAs Arecephalosporinsbactericidalorbacteriostatic?-✔✔Bacteriocidal ArePCNsbactericidalorbactriostatic?-✔✔Bactericidal Aresulfonamidesbacteriocidalorbacteriostatic?-✔✔Bacteriostatic Aretetracyclinesbacteriostaticorbacteriocidal?-✔✔bacteriostatic AretetracyclinesbroadornarrowinspectruM?-✔✔Broadandtheyhavealotofresistanceissues Benzodiazepinesaffectwhatneurotransmitterandhow?-✔✔IncreasestheeffectsofGABA Canvalproate(Depakote)beusedduringpregnancy?-✔✔Itisaknownteratogen.Ifneeded,mustbeusedafter1st trimester.Docephalosporinsbecomemorebroadornarrowinspectrumasyougoupingeneration?-✔✔Morebroadspectrum DoesLithiumhaveabroadornarrowtherapeuticrange?-✔✔Narrowtherapeuticrange;toxicitymayshownauseaand drowsiness Howandwhenissilversulfadiazineused?-✔✔Usedforburns,butitsusefulnessispoor Howareacyclovirandvalcyclovirmetabolized?-✔✔10%bytheliverand90%bythekidneys HowaresexualsideeffectslinkedtoSSRIs?-✔✔Sexualsideeffectsmaystartafter1month;especiallycommonin Paxil Howdoanti-TBdrugswork?-✔✔Theyinhibittheformationofmycolicacidswhichareanimportantpartofthecellwall Howdoanti-virals(neuramidaseinhibitors)work?-✔✔Thesemedicationsbreakthebondthatattachestheviralparticles tothehostcellandkeepsthemfromreplicating Howdoanti-viralsforHSVandVZVwork?-✔✔Theyblockanenzymethatisessentialintheproductionofnewviruses sotheycan'treplicate HowdoSSRIswork?-✔✔Theyblockthereuptakeofserotoninatthesynapticcleftsothereismoreserotoninaround HowdoyoudiscontinueanSSRI?-✔✔Taperbyreducingthedoseby50%for3-4days Howdoesantibioticresistanceoccur?-✔✔1.Naturalbygeneticmutations 2.Spontaneousbyrandommutations 3.Buildupovertimeorbymisuseofantibiotics Howdoescarbamazepinework?-✔✔Worksbydecreasingnerveimpulsesthatcauseseizuresandpain 1 / 2
HowdoesdoxyclineaffectOCPs?-✔✔LittleevidencehasshownthatitdoesaffectOCPs,butasecondmethodof protectionshouldbeused Howdoesethambutolworkasananti-TBdrug?-✔✔Itinhibitsthesythesisofmycelicacidswhichisanimportantpartof thecellwall HowdoesLithiumactasamoodstabilizer?-✔✔Itreplacessodiumduringdepolarizationsoitstopsthetransmissionof electricalimpulses Howdoesphenterminework?-✔✔TreatsobesitybydecreasingthehungerperceptionandreleasesNEanEPIwhich breaksdownstoredfat=loseweight Howdoespyrazinamide(PZA)actonbacteria?-✔✔Itislargelybacteriostatic,butcanbebacteriocidalinactively replicatingbacteria Howisclarithromycinexcreted?-✔✔ItisexcretedbyBOTHtheliverandthekidneyssodoseadjustmentsarenot requiredinpatientswithimpairedliverfunction HowisthegramcoverageinCephalosporins?-✔✔1stgenerationaregrampositiveandasyougoupingenerations, youlosegrampositivecoverageandmoregramnegative Howistreatmentwithbuspirone(Buspar)usuallyconducted?-✔✔CanbecombinedwithanSSRItotreatpatientswith agitatedoranxiousdepression HowlongbeforestartinganewantidepressantafterMAOIs?-✔✔Atleast2weekstoclearitfromsystem HowlongdoesittakeforSSRIstowork?-✔✔2-6weeks;usuallywithin4weeks;somesymptomsmayimprovewithin1 to2weeks Howlongistreatmentwithphentermine?-✔✔6months;loseseffectsafterthat Howlongshouldalcoholbeavoidedaftermetronidazoletreatment?-✔✔Atleast48hours Howoftenshouldcarbamazepinelabvaluesbemonitored?Whatlabs?-✔✔CBCq3-4months Howshouldanti-viralsbetaken?-✔✔Withafullglassofwaterandlotsofwaterduringtherapy;foodslowsabsorption, butdoesn'taffectit Howshouldethambutolbeused?-✔✔Nevershouldbeusedasmonotherapy;usedwithINH,rifampin,orPZA HowshouldyoueducateparentswithachildthathasPCN-induceddiarrhea?-✔✔Keeptakingthemedication,increase waterintake,eatyogurtortakeaprobiotic Howshouldzolpidem(Ambien)beadministered?-✔✔Justbeforebedbecauseithasarapidonset Howwouldyoudescribefluoroquinolones?-✔✔BacteriocidalandBROADspectrum Ifthereananallergytosulfonamides,whichotherdrugsshouldbeavoidedbecausetheyaredevelopedfromthe sulfonamidedrugs?-✔✔Sulfonylureas,thiazidediuretics,loopdiuretics ImportantdruginteractionandsideeffectwithMAOIs?-✔✔Avoidotherserotonindrugsandwatchforhypertensivecrisis Isrifampinbacteriocidalorbacteriostatic?-✔✔Bacteriocidal Isrifampinusedinpregnancy?-✔✔ItisusedinpregnancyfortreatmentofTB,butitssafetyisunknown
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