pg. 1 NURS 629 Exam 4 Newest 2024 Actual Exam Questions with Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Graded A+
What is recurrent emesis? - Correct Answer - at least 3 episodes over 3 months chronic, relatively mild that occurs frequently
What is cyclic emesis? - Correct Answer - recurrent, intense episodes separated by asymptomatic periods
How do you treat emesis? - Correct Answer - NPO for 1-2 hrs **rehydrate with small/frequent amounts of clear liquids avoid dairy and solids for 4-6 hrs and then add bland foods slowly
What are causes of diarrhea? - Correct Answer - -primarily viral (most common) or bacterial -bacterial pathogens are usually C. difficile, salmonella, Giardia, Campylobacter **always serious in infancy due to small ECF reserve, and can dehydrate quickly
Patho of diarrhea - Correct Answer - 1. retention of water w/in the intestine (malabsorptive syndrome, lactose intolerance)
- excessive secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen (cholera, e.
- release of protein and fluid into the intestinal mucosa (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's.
- altered intestinal motility resulting in rapid transport through the colon (IBS,
coli, chrohn's, laxatives)
infections)
scleroderma) 1 / 3
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What is physiological jaundice? - Correct Answer - -occurs when baby accumulates bilirubin -secondary to immature liver in newborns -common first 2-4 days of life and resolves by 2 weeks
What level is conjugated hyperbilirubinemia? - Correct Answer - serum conjugated bilirubin concentration greater than 1 mg/dL if the total bilirubin is less than 5.0 mg/dL or more than 20% of the total bilirubin if the the total bilirubin is greater than 5 mg/dL (p.862 AAP book)
What is breastfeeding jaundice? - Correct Answer - -due to poor intake that causes lack of stools and urine output -common in first week and resolves once milk comes in and infant is feeding well-more stools and urinary output -peaks around 2-3 weeks
How do you diagnose jaundice? - Correct Answer - -dx with a bili level of 5 mg/dL -12 mg/dL threshold for all newborns having jaundiced appearance -direct/indirect bili levels -CBC -reticulocyte count
How do you treat jaundice? - Correct Answer - increased intake indirect sunlight phototherapy IV fluids
What are other causes of jaundice? - Correct Answer - abnormal blood cell shapes (like sickle cell) Rh incompatibility 2 / 3
pg. 3 cephalohematoma polycythemia (increased RBCs, SGA infants, twins) infection specific enzyme disorders
What is biliary atresia? - Correct Answer - -life-threatening condition causing a blockage of bile ducts inside or outside of liver -leads to build-up of toxins (like bilirubin) -malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins A,D,E,K -scaring of the liver, loss of tissue, cirrhosis -not inherited
What are the two types of biliary atresia? - Correct Answer - fetal- noted in womb (other defects like heart, spleed, intestines) perinatal- appears 2-4 weeks after birth
What causes biliary atresia? - Correct Answer - -infection after birth (cytomegalovirus or rotavirus) -autoimmune disorder -developmental issue in womb -exposure to toxic substances
What are symptoms of biliary atresia? - Correct Answer - jaundice dark urine light to white stools poor wt gain and growth What are risk factors for SCFE? - Correct Answer - obesity male sports
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