NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology all Quizzes (Test bank) Questions & Answers
Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?Expressivity A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?Nucleolus
A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance.Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the
normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called:
Metaplasia A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for?The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?Anaerobic glycolysis
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following?
XXY A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?Tetraploidy A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response?Pregnancy in women over age 35 1 / 4
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.Turner syndrome 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of swelling?Na+ movement into the cell
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is
associated with:
Delayed age of onset
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?Maternal nondisjunction A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure
(colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
Plasma proteins A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?
Na+ rushing into the cell The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?Symport A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell.What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient?Passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis? 2 / 4
Frameshift mutations When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene.Autosomal recessive A patient has severe mental retardation caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5. What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart?Cri du chat syndrome In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol?Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males?Answer Klinefelter syndrome What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
WEEK 2
A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with tinea corporis following development of lesions on the non- hairyparts of his face, trunk, and limbs. A common source of this condition is Kitten 70-year-old female with osteoporosis fractures her leg at a location of preexisting abnormality. She reports that the fracture occurred following a minor fall. Which of the following best describes the fracture?Pathologic fracture A 5-year-old female was diagnosed with seropositive juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The treatment option for this disease is termed 3 / 4
Supportive After studying about viruses, which information indicates the student has a good understanding of viruses? Viruses Replicate their genetic material inside host cell A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was
diagnosed with gouty arthritis. He is at risk for developing:
Uric Acid The nurse would be correct in identifying the duration of rubella as 1-3 days A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. The symptoms he experienced are caused by the crystallization of _____ within the synovial fluid Uric Acid
Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by:
Diffuse pain, fatigue, and tender point
The incidence of fractures of the pelvis is highest in:
Older Adults In discoid lupus erythematosus, skin lesions may be accompanied by Raynaud phenomenon, which is
manifested by:
Selected Answer:b. ?
When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?Alloimmune
Which of the following hormones activates adrenergic receptors?Epinephrine
A nurse recalls an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:
Serum sickness
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